Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Francesco Adornato Title: Editoriale. L?agricoltura a cinquant?anni dal Trattato di Roma Abstract: Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:5-9 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32217&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002001 Number: 1 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Grzegorz Dybowski Title: La riforma della Pac nel 2007-2013: opportunit? ed ostacoli per l?agricoltura e lo sviluppo rurale in Polonia Abstract: The CAP reform in 2007-2013: oportunities and barriers for agricultural and rural development in poland (by Grzegorz Dybowski) - ABSTRACT: The aim of the paper is to diagnose the influence of the new Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) for the 2007-2013 period on polish agri-food sector and development of the rural areas in Poland. The first part of the article presents the general macroeconomic background of the polish economy. In particular, there are determined the general indicators of development like a Gross Domestic Product (GDP), a budget deficit or a situation of the labour market. Further in the paper, the strengths and the weaknesses of the polish agricultural sector and rural areas are taken into account. The most important obstacles for development are a high unemployment in the rural areas, an underdeveloped technical infrastructure and a fragmented farming structure, while the main opportunities are a high tourism attractiveness of the rural and agricultural landscape, a relatively large land resources and rich biodiversity, a good condition of the environment enabling sustainable farming system, an advanced restructuring process of food processing industry and others. More detailed data are presented in the tables.The next part of the article concerns the shape of the CAP for the years 2007-2013. There are described the main elements of the new CAP (decoupling, further reduction of intervention prices on milk market, modulation, mechanism of financial discipline, cross-compliance rules, increase of both the scope and the level of support for the development of rural areas). In conclusion there is demonstrated that the new approach of the CAP to solving common problems of the agricultural sector is much more in line with the real needs of Poland and could influence positively on polish agricultural sector and polish rural areas. Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:13-23 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32218&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002002 Number: 2 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roman Budzinowski Title: Diritto agrario, amministrazione pubblica nell?agricoltura polacca e adattamento alla Politica agricola comune Abstract: Agricultural law, public agricultural administration and their adjustment to the Cap (by Roman Budzinowski) - ABSTRACT: The adjustment of the Polish agricultural law and public agricultural administration to the Cap has not finished with the Poland?s accession to the EU. The adjustment of the Polish law consists of two periods: the period of Association and the period of membership. Intensive legislative changes occurred at the end of the period of association. The legislative activity mainly involved the questions concerning the Cap. One of the results of the adjustment process has been the considerable development of the agricultural legislation, including the area of the so-called agricultural public law. In turn the adjustment of the public agricultural administration to the Cap introduced the extension (in an objective sense) of the administration of the agriculture, the change of the administration?s structures and the legal forms of its activity. The development of the agricultural administration in a subjective sense occurred as well. The scope of activities, both of legal and factual character was extended. Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:25-39 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32219&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002003 Number: 3 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katarzyna Leskiewicz Title: Agenzia del mercato agricolo e Agenzia della ristrutturazione e modernizzazione dell?agricoltura Abstract: The Agency of the agricultural market and the Agency of the restructurisation and modernization of the agriculture (by Katarzyna Leskiewicz) - ABSTRACT: The paper focuses on implementation of the Common Agriculture Policy?s mechanisms by the polish Agencies of payments during the period of the accession of Poland to the UE, particularly on the giuridic status, structure, administrative functions of both of the Agencies. The last part of the paper takes into consideration the evaluation of the competences of Agencies during one year after the accession of Poland to the UE. The paper does not focus on all questions conected with the general problems of functioning of the Agencies. One of the specific features of the contemporary agriculture indicated by a doctrine is an extension of the group of pubblic subjects involved in the administration of agriculture. The administration of agriculture operates not only in the process of the fundation of the new administrative structures but first of all in the modification of the existing structures to aim at the Common Agricultural Policy. In this process partecipate specific state authorities like the Agency of the Agricultural Market and the Agency of the Restructurization and Modernization of the Agriculture, which became the agencies of payments. The polish Agencies realise the state?s functions in the agriculture, first of all they link polish agriculure ambit with the Common Arigultural Policy. Those subjects had existed before Poland accession to the UEthe Agency of the Restructurisation and Modernization of the Agriculture?s status was regulated in 1993, invence the Agency of the Agricultural Market was created in 1996. For the adaptation on the european standards both of agencies had to modificate their comptences, and during this proceedings they met a lot of difficulties. Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:41-51 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32220&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002004 Number: 4 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lukasz Bobel Title: The production quotas in Polish agriculture Abstract: Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:53-69 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32221&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002005 Number: 5 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aleksander Lichorowicz Title: L?incidenza dell?adesione della Polonia all?Unione Europea sul diritto di prelazione dei fondi rustici Abstract: An effect of accession of Poland to European Union on the form of the right of legal preemption of rural estates in Polish agricultural legislation (by Aleksander Lichorowicz) - ABSTRACT: The particular regulation of the right of preemption of rural estates in Polish agricultural legislation appears for the first time after the Second World War. Initially, this right was vested exclusively in State (in case of liquidation of co-ownership) but in 1971 it was extended on tenants of rural estates, under the condition that they had concluded tenancy contract for three years or had effectively performed this contract for at least ten years (ex art. 695 ?2 of civil code). At first all the tenants were authorized to perform this right of preemption, however in 1999 it was limited to the tenants of private rural estates. Tenants of state rural estates were provided with so-called right of priority in case of sale of an estate they held in tenancy. The right of preemption has become particularly interesting for Polish government in the course of negotiations with European Union before the final accession. It was seen as the perfect instrument to prevent an excessive acquisition of Polish rural estates by foreigners citizens of EU. That was the reason why, one year before the Accession Treaty of 16th March 2003 came in force, Polish Parliament had enacted the law of 11th April 2003 on forming of agricultural system. This law foresee right of preemption as the fundamental instrument of influence on agricultural structures. In the first order, this right is vested in the tenants of rural estates, on condition that they perform the tenancy contract for at least three years and have a special status of so-called individual farmer, conducting a family farm. In the second order so-called Rural Estates Agency, acting on account of State may exercise the right of preemption of alienated rural estate. Consistently, almost all sale contracts in Poland, which have as an object rural estate, are at moment restricted by the right of state legal preemption. The number of exceptions from this general rule is strictly limited (e.g. transactions between family members). To the main features of this institution one may include: absolute invalidity of sale contracts not respecting the right of state preemption, complete discretionality of Agency in taking decisions whether it should exercise its right or not and finally the full freedom of Agency in governing and commanding the rural estates purchased in result of exercising of the right of preemption. The above-mentioned features may call in question conformability of this institution with previsions concerning free movement of capital resulting from EC Treaty and other fundamental principles of European Law. Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:71-80 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32222&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002006 Number: 6 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pawel Blajer Title: Il diritto di acquisto statale di fondi rustici in Polonia e profili di diritto comunitario Abstract: The Right of Statal Acquisition of Real Estates in Poland and the European Integration (by Pawel Blajer) - ABSTRACT: Apart from right of preemption of real estates, the law of 11th april 2003 concedes to the Real Estates Agency another important privilege which in Polish literature is commonly known as the right of acquisition of real estates. The regulation of this institution must be considered to be particularly complicated. However, the main aim of introduction of this notion to the Polish legal system was to strengthen the statal control over the trade of real estates in Poland. The right of preemption, which was a subject of lecture of prof. A. Lichorowicz, refers only to the sale contracts. The right of acquisition, on the other hand, gives the Agency possibility to interfere in all other types of contracts on condition that they cause transfer of property of real estates. Consistently, Agency is authorised to exercise right of acquisition not only in cases of such typical contracts as: donation, exchange or annuity, but also all other contracts which result in transfer of property but do not constitute a sale contract (liquidation of joint ownership, transfer of property as a result of legacy). After long discussion in Polish doctrine, the opinion has become general that such contracts should have unconditional character. The number of exceptions from right of acquisition is strictly limited. However, an exception of the greatest practical significance allows to transfer property of real estate without any restrictions resulting from right of acquisition if a purcheser belongs to the group of persons related to a vendor. The above-mentined form of right of acquisition may call in question its conformability with EC Treaty, especially with previsions concerning free movement of capital (understood as unlimited investments in the real estates over the whole territory of EU). ?Grounds of public policy or public security? (art. 58 EEC Treaty) can hardly justify such a severe statal intervention in the free trade of real estates. Moreover, right of acquisition seems to be incompatible with a prohibition on discrimination of EU citizens and a proportionality principle two other fundamental principles of EC law resulting from numerous sentences of European Court of Justice (e.g. Konle v Austria, In re Albore or Doris Salzmann). Finally, one may contest compatibility of this institution with Polish constitution. Taking all these factors into account, it would be highly reasonable to consider the elimination of this institution from the Polish legal system. Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:81-93 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32223&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002007 Number: 7 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bartosz Rakoczy Title: La tutela dell?ambiente nella produzione agricola Abstract: The environmental protection in agricultural production (by Bartosz Rakoczy) - ABSTRACT: The subject of the following paper are the legal aspects of the environmental protection in agriculture in Poland. The agricultural activity is the most common way in which man may influence the environment and contribute to sustainble developement. That?s why it is so important to provide for legal regulations in this matter and encourage the introduction or maintenance of particular farming practices which are compatible with the requirements of environmental protection. The paper describes the main regulations in this subject. First of all it takes into account the general polish act on environmental protection and analyses the provisions that may regard the agriculture producting process, in particular, the various conditions of soil, water, plants and livestock protection. Further, there are demonstrated others, more detailed, regulations which concern the protection of water, the protection of agricultural and forest lands, the rules of using packing materials, fertilizers and refuses. Furthermore the paper emphasizes the regulations of the organic farming which constitutes the new aspect in the polish legislation. The starting point for the analysis in this domain are polish definitions of orgnic farm and organic product and the conditions of carrying such a farm on. There is also analysed the relation between polish organic farming acts introduced before and after the accession of Poland in the European Union and the community regulation. In conclusion, the author of the paper appreciates that the polish legislator increases his consideration on the environmental protection in agricultural production, but also presents some proposals for further legal solutions to improve eco-compatible farming practices. Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:95-103 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32224&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002008 Number: 8 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Piotr Otawski Title: Natura 2000 in Poland: legal problems of implementation and enforcement Abstract: Natura 2000 in Polonia: problematiche di implementazione e di applicazione (by Piotr Otawski) - ABSTRACT: Il saggio contiene una breve analisi dei pi? importanti regolamenti di implementazione del diritto comunitario (nel caso di specie si tratta della direttiva 79/409/Eec del Consiglio del 2 aprile 1979 sulla conservazione degli uccelli selvatici e della direttiva 92/43/Eec del 21 maggio maggio 1992 sulla conservazione degli habitat e della flora e fauna selvatica, che costituiscono il presupposto giuridico per la creazione di Rete Natura 2000) evidenziandone gli aspetti problematici e valutandone la coerenza con il diritto comunitario medesimo. La prima parte ? dedicata all?analisi delle norme del Polish Nature Protection Act (2004), e sottolinea la mancanza di una coerente gestione di Rete Natura 2000, nonch? l?errore di utilizzare, per la gestione della stessa Rete, gli strumenti di conservazione della natura fino a quel momento conosciuti. La seconda parte tratta del processo di introduzione di Rete Natura 2000 in Polonia e delle proposte avanzate in merito dalle autorit? polacche. La conclusione ? che il numero e l?area coperta da entrambi i tipi di siti Aree speciali di conservazione e Aree di protezione speciale sono insufficienti per la piena implementazione degli obiettivi delle direttive. Questo significa che la Polonia si aggiunger? alla lunga lista dei Paesi chiamati a rispondere innanzi alla Corte di giustizia per l?incompleto recepimento o inesatto adempimento degli obblighi comunitari. Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:105-118 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32225&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002009 Number: 9 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicola Greco Author-Name: Paola Biondini Title: Indicazioni e valutazioni su manuali e materiali didattici per il diritto dell?ambiente Abstract: Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:121-135 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32226&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002010 Number: 10 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Giovanni Cordini Title: Il contributo di Federico Spantigati agli studi giuridici sull?ambiente e i manuali di diritto ambientale Abstract: Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:136-142 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32227&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002011 Number: 11 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stefano Nespor Title: Manualistica, variet? degli aspetti giuridici del diritto ambientale e trasversalit? dell?ambiente Abstract: Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:143-146 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32228&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002012 Number: 12 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Domenico Amirante Title: L?insegnamento del diritto ambientale come diritto per principi e multidisciplinare Abstract: Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:147-151 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32229&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002013 Number: 13 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicola Lugaresi Title: Ragioni, impostazioni e destinatari dei manuali di diritto dell?ambiente Abstract: Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:152-155 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32230&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002014 Number: 14 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Sciaudone Title: L?impresa agricola. Profili di qualificazione, Esi, Napoli Abstract: Classification-JEL: Keywords: Note: Pages:157-159 Volume: 2007/2 Year: 2007 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=32231&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:aimaim:v:html10.3280/Aim2007-002015 Number: 15