Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alessandro Petretto Title: A note on standard costs criteria for allocating the Italian national health fund to Regions Abstract: The funding of National Health Service in Italy follows a top-down two stages decentralized system, according to which the central Government feeds the National health-fund with specific taxes and distributes it among Regions. Further, each Region funds the so called Essential levels of Assistance (LEA) expenditures of its local health authorities (Aziendesanitarie locali, ASL). This mechanism pursues equity aims, but it can be, as well, efficiency enhancing if based on standardized quantities, hence on a fixed-price type transfer, i.e. established ex-ante independently of actual expenditures and costs. This note provides a technical analysis of possible allocation criteria with this purpose, and, at the same time, coherent with the procedure established by D.L. 68/2011. The aim is at establishing feasible analytical procedures for combining both equity and cost-efficiency concerns in defining the distribution formula. The idea is to introduce in the latter some incentive elements, even if only as signals, for boosting Regions to control unitary costs of health-care services, besides to produce and provide adequate levels of them. Classification-JEL: I12, H51, H77 Keywords: Note: Pages:5-21 Volume: 2014/2 Year: 2014 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=52262&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:epepep:v:html10.3280/EP2014-002001 Number: 1 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alessandro Morselli Title: La decisione in economia tra razionalit? ed evoluzione teorica Abstract: The main research on the cognitive foundations of the economy has claimed for years that there is a clear separation between the theory of economic rationality and the psychology of reasoning and economic decision. The relationship between the two disciplines is becoming increasingly cogent and contaminant. Economics offers normative theories about what it means to decide rationally. Psychology offers an explanation as to why the average individual often makes irrational decisions. The role of intuition in decision-making as well as the effect of emotions are also of significant relevance. The theme of rationality, having to encompass both Economics and Psychology is best addressed by limiting the definitions of the term ?rational?, which in its common usage is used for ?reasonable? and/or ?acceptable to reason?. Economics and psychology may agree on a point of coherence rather than one of substance (Legrenzi e Girotto, 1996). In general, according to orthodox theory, one of the root causes of the presumed failures of human decision processes is the notion of ?Bounded Rationality? (Simon, 1972). It is from this concept that we have started to conduct our analysis on the complexity of economic phenomena and processes that guide the choices of individuals, mindful of the contaminant relationship between economics and psychology. Classification-JEL: B4; D81; D83 Keywords: Note: Pages:23-52 Volume: 2014/2 Year: 2014 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=52263&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:epepep:v:html10.3280/EP2014-002002 Number: 2 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roberto Ippoliti Title: La competitivit? del mercato forense e l?efficienza giudiziaria Abstract: The judicial efficiency is one of the main goals of any democratic state. An efficient judicial system is crucial both from the economic and the social point of view since it constitutes one of the pillars of modern societies. This study aims at estimating the efficiency of the Italian judicial system of First Instance and the determinants of inefficiency. Specifically, it tests the hypothesis that the number of professionals in the market for legal services (i.e. lawyers) can affect positively the supply of justice and therefore the performance of courts. In other words, author studies the relation between the number of lawyers and the score of efficiency of these courts, assuming that the market competitiveness is able to improve the judicial performance. The confirmation of the proposed hypothesis could give a further impulse to the reform process of the legal profession, which has been started in the sixteenth legislature. Classification-JEL: J44, C44 Keywords: Note: Pages:53-90 Volume: 2014/2 Year: 2014 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=52264&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:epepep:v:html10.3280/EP2014-002003 Number: 3 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simona Monteleone Title: Economia sommersa: ULA irregolari in Italia dal 1980 al 2009 Abstract: The paper analyzes the units of full-time employment (ULA) as estimated by Istat National Accounts. The cyclical analysis can highlight the role that irregular employment (dependent and independent) play on the dynamics of the Italian economy, emphasizing the relationship of substitution between irregular and regular sector. The irregular (both dependent and independent) are not true leading of the cycle, but when the GDP grows, they move earlier, while the regular are slower to adapt. Results from VAR models suggest that there are no connections, contemporaneous correlation or Granger causality, between the dark and the regular side of the Italian market. These findings provide important implications in terms of policy on the complex phenomenon of undeclared work. Classification-JEL: J01, J21, J82, J64, C01, P37 Keywords: Note: Pages:91-123 Volume: 2014/2 Year: 2014 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=52265&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:epepep:v:html10.3280/EP2014-002004 Number: 4 Template-type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gian Maria Tomat Title: Revisiting poverty and welfare dominance Abstract: This paper provides a review of the theory of the measurement of poverty. The axiomatic theory is described and axiomatic properties of poverty indexes are related to assumptions on their functional form. The notion of poverty ordering is then introduced and the relations between the poverty orderings that can be defined from classes of poverty indexes with well defined functional form properties and the notions of first order and second order stochastic dominance are reviewed. Classification-JEL: D63, I32 Keywords: Note: Pages:125-149 Volume: 2014/2 Year: 2014 Issue:2 File-URL:http://www.francoangeli.it/riviste/Scheda_Rivista.aspx?IDArticolo=52266&Tipo=Articolo PDF File-Format: text/HTML Handle: RePEc:fan:epepep:v:html10.3280/EP2014-002005 Number: 5