From their exile in Rome, following Italian unification, the Bourbons tried to promote a political protest against the "Piedmontese" government in the southern provinces of the kingdom of Italy. The best known aspect of this protest was the so-called brigantaggio (brigandage) in the countryside, particularly in the years immediately following unification. But the "Bourbon" party was also at work in the towns, at least until the middle of the 1860s. Based on archival sources, the article investigates the political ideology and patterns of organization of Bourbon propaganda in exile.
Keywords: Bourbons, Italian unification, Southern Italy, constitutionalism, political organization