Studies of some writers (not only bioenergetics), about the trauma, from Masud Khan to Peter Levine and Guy Tonella, are here summarized. David Berceli has developed a series of useful exercises to promote shakings (tremors) which discharge the clogged energy because of the trauma and allow the psoas to re-extend. Bob Lewis has introduced the concept of cephalic shock as a result of poor cares at the beginning of life, causing a massive contraction in the nape and a split of the head from the body. Scott Baum describes this experience as borderline, while Marianna Eckberg compares her working experience about trauma with survivors of torture and with children who have early suffered treatments so cruel to be defined torture.
Keywords: Shock trauma, cumulative trauma, psoas, cephalic shock, borderline, torture