Cooperazione agricola Cina-Tanzania: innovazione o dipendenza?

Titolo Rivista RIVISTA GEOGRAFICA ITALIANA
Autori/Curatori Mariasole Pepa
Anno di pubblicazione 2021 Fascicolo 2021/3 Lingua Italiano
Numero pagine 33 P. 105-137 Dimensione file 0 KB
DOI 10.3280/rgioa3-2021oa12537
Il DOI è il codice a barre della proprietà intellettuale: per saperne di più clicca qui

FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

Negli ultimi decenni i maggiori cambiamenti nella geografia dello sviluppo sono relativi all’ascesa dei paesi BRICS e in particolare alla Cina in Africa. L’articolo – servendosi dell’esempio fornito, attraverso una ricerca sul campo, dal Centro di dimostrazione tecnologica dell’agricoltura in Tanzania – si propone di esaminare l’evoluzione della cooperazione agricola Cina-Africa come rappresentativa di pratiche e modalità della cooperazione Sud-Sud. Il contributo interroga la presenza cinese in Africa come generatrice di relazioni di dipendenza e, allo stesso tempo, riflette sul ruolo della Cina come elemento di diversificazione della dipendenza africana. La ricerca condotta intende stimolare una riflessione critica sulla cooperazione agricola sino-africana, contribuendo al dibattito geografico circa lo sviluppo delle relazioni BRICS-Sud.;

Keywords:cooperazione Sud-Sud, geografia dello sviluppo, Cina-Africa, cooperazione agricola.

  1. Adejumobi S., Jalata G.G. (2018). China-Africa agricultural cooperation. In: Haifang L, a cura di, The Transformative Development of Africa & South - South Cooperation in Agriculture Sector, Oxfam.
  2. Agbebi M., Virtanen P. (2017). Dependency Theory. A Conceptual Lens to Understand China’s Presence in Africa? Forum for Development Studies, 44(3): 429-451. DOI: 10.1080/08039410.2017.1281161
  3. Alden C., Alves C. (2008). History & Identity in the Construction of China’s Africa Policy. Review of African Political Economy, 115: 43-58. DOI: 10.1080/03056240802011436
  4. Id., Large D. (2018). New directions in Africa-China Studies. New York: Routledge. Amanor K.S. (2013). South-South Cooperation in Africa: Historical, Geopolitical and Political Economy Dimensions of International Development. IDS Bulletin, 44: 20-30. DOI: 10.1111/1759-5436.12039
  5. Amoah L.G.A. (2016). China, architecture and Ghana’s spaces: Concrete signs of a soft Chinese imperium? Journal of Asian and African Studies, 51(2): 238-255. DOI: 10.1177/0021909614545854
  6. Amin S. (1972). Underdevelopment and Dependence in Black Africa: Origins and Contemporary Forms. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 10(4): 503-524, testo disponibile al sito: www.jstor.org/stable/160011 (consultato l’11 marzo 2021).
  7. Id. (2016). The world without Bandung, or for a polycentric system with no hegemony. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 17(1): 7-11. DOI: 10.1080/14649373.2016.1151186
  8. Anshan L. (2007). China and Africa: Policy and Challenges. China Security, 3: 66-93.
  9. Id. (2016). Technology transfer in China-Africa relation: myth or reality. Transnational Corporations Review, 8(3): 183-195. DOI: 10.1080/19186444.2016.1233718
  10. Id. (2017). China and Africa historical evolution. China International Strategy Review.
  11. Id. (2020). China and Africa in the global context: Encounter, policy, cooperation and migration. Cape Town: ACE Press.
  12. Arrighi G. (1990). The Developmentalist Illusion: A Reconceptualization of the Semiperiphery. In: Martin W.G., a cura di, Semiperipheral States in the World Economy. Westport: Greenwood Press.
  13. Id., Zhang L. (2010). Il nuovo ruolo del Sud del mondo. In: Cesarale G., Pianta M, a cura di, Capitalismo e (dis)ordine mondiale. Roma: Manifestolibri.
  14. Bertoncin M., Pase A. (2006). Il territorio non è un asino. Milano: FrancoAngeli.
  15. Brautigam D., Tang X. (2009). China’s Engagement In African Agriculture: “Down To The Countryside”. The China Quarterly,19, testo disponibile al sito: www.jstor.org/stable/27756497 (consultato l’11 marzo 2021).
  16. Id. (2012). An Overview of Chinese Agricultural and Rural Engagement in Tanzania. IFPRI Discussion Paper. Testo disponibile al sito: www.ifpri.org/publication/overviewchinese-agricultural-and-rural-engagement-tanzania (consultato l’11 marzo 2021).
  17. Cabestan J., Chaponniere J. (2016). Tanzania’s all weather friendship with China in the era of multipolarity and globalisation: towards a mild hedging strategy. African East-Asian Affairs, 3. DOI: 10.7552/0-3-176
  18. Caria S., Giunta I. (2020). Pasado y presente de la cooperación internacional: una perspectiva crítica desde las teorías del sistema mundo. Quito: IAEN.
  19. Carmody P. (2013). The Rise of the BRICS in Africa: The Geopolitics of South-South Relations. Londra: Zed Books.
  20. Chichava S., Duran J., Cabral L., Shankland A., Buckley L., Lixia T., Yue Z. (2013).
  21. Brazil and China in Mozambican Agriculture: Emerging Insights from the Field. IDS Bulletin, 44(4): 101-115. DOI: 10.1111/1759-5436.12046
  22. Dos Santos T. (1970). The Structure of Dependence. The American Economic Review, 60(2): 231-236.
  23. FIDH. (2020). New oil, same business? FIDH/FHR, 757a. Testo disponibile al sito: www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/fidh__fhri_report_uganda_oil_extraction-compresse.pdf (consultato il 13 maggio 2021).
  24. Fiorentini M. (2016). How is The Chinese “Going Out” Policy Having an impact on Agriculture-Related Trade with Africa? Future Agricultures, Working Paper 134.
  25. Frank A.G. (1966). The Development of Underdevelopment. Monthly Review, 17: 17-31. DOI: 10.14452/MR-018-04-1966-08_3
  26. Garcia A. (2017). BRICS investment agreements in Africa: more of the same? Studies in Political Economy, 98(1): 24-47. DOI: 10.1080/07078552.2017.1297018
  27. Gambino E. (2020). La participation chinoise dans le développement des infrastructures de transport au Kenya: une transformation des géométries du pouvoir? [Chinese participation in Kenyan transport infrastructure: reshaping power-geometries?]. Critique Internationale, 89: 95-114.
  28. Ead. (2021). Chinese interests in the development of African transport corridors: building the Belt and Road Initiative through market expansion? In: Nugent P. and Lamarque H., eds., Transport Corridors in Africa. Melton: James Currey.
  29. Gonzalez-Vicente R. (2017). South-South relations under world market capitalism: the state and the elusive promise of national development in the China-Ecuador resource-development nexus. Review of International Political Economy, 24(5): 881-903.
  30. DOI: 10.1080/09692290.2017.1357646
  31. Id. (2019). Vignette: Where is the South? Global, postcolonial and intersectional perspectives. In: Mawdsley E., Fourie E., Nauta W., a cura di, Researching South-South Development Cooperation The Politics of Knowledge Production. Londra: Routledge.
  32. Grain (2008), Seized: The 2008 landgrab for food and financial security. Testo disponibile al sito: www.grain.org/article/entries/93-seized-the-2008-landgrab-for-foodand-financial-security (consultato l’11 marzo 2021).
  33. Gray K., Gills B. (2016). South-South cooperation and the rise of the Global South. Third World Quarterly, 37(4): 557-574. DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2015.1128817
  34. Gu J., Chuanhong Z., Alcides V., Langton M. (2016). Chinese State Capitalism? Rethinking The Role Of The State And Business In: Chinese Development Cooperation In Africa. World Development, 81: 24-34. DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.01.001
  35. Haifang L., Monson J. (2011). Railway time: Technology transfer and the role of Chinese experts in the history of TAZARA. In: Dietz T., Havnevik K., Kaag M., Oestigaard T, a cura di, Africa Negotiating and Emerging Multipolar World, African Engagements,
  36. : 226-251.
  37. Harvey D. (2005). Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  38. Huang M., Xu X., Mao X. (2019). South-South Cooperation and Chinese Foreign Aid. Singapore: Palgrave MacMillan.
  39. Jiang L. (2020). Beyond Official Development Assistance Chinese Development Cooperation and African Agriculture. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan.
  40. Id., Harding A., Anseeuw W., Alden C. (2016). Chinese agricultural technology demonstration centres in Southern Africa: the new business of development. The Public Sphere. Testo disponibile al sito: https://agritrop.cirad.fr/582983/1/ATDC%20Paper.pdf (consultato l’11 marzo 2021).
  41. Kinyondo A. (2020). Does Tanzania’s Development Trajectory Borrow from the China Model? Politics and Policy, 48: 960-987. DOI: 10.1111/polp.12372
  42. Kitano N. (2019). Estimating China’s Foreign Aid: 2017-2018. Preliminary Figures. JICA Research Institute. Testo disponibile al sito: www.jica.go.jp/jicari/publication/other/20190926_01.html (consultato l’11 marzo 2021).
  43. Lawther I. (2017). Why African countries are interested in building agricultural partnerships with China: lessons from Rwanda and Uganda. Third World Quarterly, 38(10): 2312-2329. DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2017.1333889
  44. Lee C.K. (2018). The Specter of Global China: Politics, Labor, and Foreign Investment in Africa. Chicago e Londra: University of Chicago Press.
  45. Li X., Qi G., Tang L., Zhao L., Guo Z., Wu J. (2017). Agricultural Development in China and Africa. Routledge.
  46. Id., Tang L., Xu X., Qi G., Wang H. (2013). What can Africa learn from China’s Experience in Agricultural Development? IDS Bulletin, 44(4): 31-41.
  47. Lisimba A., Parashar S. (2020). The ‘state’ of postcolonial development: China-Rwanda ‘dependency’ in perspective. Third World Quarterly, 42(5): 1105-1123. DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2020.1815527
  48. Makundi H. (2017). Diffusing Chinese rice technology in rural Tanzania: Lessons from the Dakawa agro-technology demonstration center. China Africa Research Initiative. Testo disponibile al sito: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5652847de4b033f56d2bdc29/t/5
  49. f780486b8f5b70028af2bd/1492615240539/hezron+v5.pdf (consultato l’11 marzo 2021).
  50. Mawdsley E. (2007). China and Africa: Emerging Challenges to the Geographies of Power. Geography Compass, 1(3): 405-421. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-8198.2007.00019.x
  51. Ead. (2012). From recipients to donors: emerging powers and the changing development landscape. Londra: Zed.
  52. Ead. (2015). Development geography 1: Cooperation, competition and convergence between ‘North’ and ‘South’. Progress in Human Geography, 41(1): 1-10. DOI: 10.1177/0309132515601776
  53. Ead. (2018). The ‘Southernisation’ of development? Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 59(2): 173-185. DOI: 10.1111/apv.12192
  54. Ead. (2019). Queering Development? The Unsettling Geographies Of South-South Cooperation. Antipode, 52(1): 227-245. DOI: 10.1111/anti.12574
  55. Mdee A., Harrison E., Mdee C., Mdee E., Bahati E. (2014). The Politics of Small-Scale Irrigation in Tanzania: Making Sense of Failed Expectations. Future Agricultures. Testo disponibile al sito: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/57a089f6e5274a27b200034d/WP107.pdf (consultato l’11 marzo 2021).
  56. Mgendi G., Shiping M., Xiang C. (2019). A Review of Agricultural Technology Transfer in Africa: Lessons from Japan and China Case Projects in Tanzania and Kenya. Sustainability, 11(23): 6598. DOI: 10.3390/su11236598
  57. Id., Mao S., Qiao F. (2021). Is a Training Program Sufficient to Improve the Smallholder Farmers’ Productivity in Africa? Empirical Evidence from a Chinese Agricultural Technology Demonstration Center in Tanzania. Sustainability, 13(3): 1527. DOI: 10.3390/su13031527
  58. Mohan G. (2021). Below the Belt? Territory and Development in China’s International Rise. Development and Change, 52: 54-75. DOI: 10.1111/dech.12612
  59. Id. (2013). Beyond the Enclave: Towards a Critical Political Economy of China and Africa. Development and Change, 44(6): 1255-1272. DOI: 10.1111/dech.12061
  60. Id., Power M. (2009). Africa, China and the ‘new’ economic geography of development. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 30(1): 24-28. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9493.2008.00352.x
  61. Moore J. (2017). Antropocene o Capitalocene? Scenari di ecologia-mondo nella crisi planetari. Verona: Ombre Corte.
  62. Morgan P., Zheng Y. (2019). Tracing The Legacy: China’s Historical Aid And Contemporary Investment In Africa. International Studies Quarterly, 63(3): 558. DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqz021
  63. Oxfam (2020). Empty promise down the line? A Human Rights Impact Assessment of the East African Crude Oil Pipeline. Oxfam International. Testo disponibile al sito: https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/621045/rr-empty-promisesdown-line-101020-en.pdf (consultato il 13 maggio 2021).
  64. Pepa M. (2020). Rethinking The Political Economy of Chinese-African Agricultural Cooperation: The Chinese Agricultural Technology Demonstration Centers. Afrika Focus, 33(2): 63-77. DOI: 10.21825/af.v33i2.17577
  65. Power M., Mohan G. (2010). China and the geopolitical imagination of African ‘development. In: Dent C., a cura di, China and Africa Development Relations, Routledge Contemporary China.
  66. Raghuram P., Noxolo P., Madge C. (2014). Rising Asia And Postcolonial Geography. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 35(1): 119-135. DOI: 10.1111/sjtg.12045
  67. Rostow W.W. (1959). The stages of economic growth. Economic History Review, 12(1): 1-16. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0289.1959.tb01829.x
  68. Schech S., Mundkur A., Skelton T., Kothari U. (2015). New spaces of development partnership: Rethinking international volunteering. Progress in Development Studies, 15(4): 358-370. DOI: 10.1177/1464993415592750
  69. Shangwe M. (2017). China’s Soft Power in Tanzania: Opportunities and Challenges. China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies, 3(1): 79-100. DOI: 10.1142/S2377740017500026
  70. Sidaway J. (2011). Geographies of Development: New Maps, New Visions? The Professional Geographer, 64(1): 49-62. DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2011.586878
  71. Sindzingre A.N. (2016). Fostering structural change? China’s divergence and convergence with Africa’s other trade and investment partners. African review of Economics and Finance, 8(1): 12-44.
  72. Six C. (2009). The Rise of Postcolonial States as Donors: A Challenge to the Development Paradigm? Third World Quarterly, 30(6): 1103-1121. DOI: 10.1080/014365909
  73. Tan-Mullins M., Mohan G., Power M. (2010). Redefining ’aid’ in the China–Africa context. Development and Change, 41(5): 85. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7660.2010.01662.x
  74. Taylor I. (2014). Africa Rising?: BRICS-Diversifying Dependency, Woodbridge, U.K. & Rochester, NY: James Currey.
  75. Id., Zajontz T. (2020). In a fix: Africa’s place in the Belt and Road Initiative and the reproduction of dependency. South African Journal of International Affairs, 27(3): 277-295. DOI: 10.1080/10220461.2020.1830165
  76. UDSM (2019). The Training Workshop on Agricultural Technology for Tanzania 2019 successfully ended. University of Dar Es Salaam. Testo disponibile al sito www.udsm.
  77. ac.tz/web/index.php/institutes/ci/news/the-training-workshop-on-agricultural-technologyfor-tanzania-2019-successfully-ended (consultato il 10 marzo 2021).
  78. Vitale A. (2020). La anomalía del ascenso chino en la lectura de Giovanni Arrighi. In: Caria S., Giunta I., a cura di, Pasado y presente de la cooperación internacional: una perspectiva crítica desde las teorías del sistema mundo. Quito: IAEN.
  79. Wallerstein I.M. (1974). Dependence in an Interdependent World: The Limited Possibilities of Transformation within the Capitalist World Economy. African Studies Review, 17(1): 1-26. DOI: 10.2307/523574
  80. Warmerdam W., Haan A. (2015). The Dialectics of China’s Foreign Aid: Interactions Shaping China’s Aid Policy. Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences, 8: 617-648.
  81. Xia Y. (2019). Chinese Manufacturing and Agricultural Investment in Tanzania: A Scoping Study. China Africa Research Initiative, School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC. Testo disponibile al sito: https://static1.squarespace.
  82. com/static/5652847de4b033f56d2bdc29/t/5d657cc26b13b8000119fe39/1566932162523WP+31+Xia+Chinese+Investment+Tanzania.pdf (consultato l’11 marzo 2021).
  83. Xu X., Li X., Qi G., Tang L., Mukwereza L. Science, Technology, and the Politics of Knowledge: The Case of China’s Agricultural Technology Demonstration Centers in Africa. World Development, 81: 82-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.01.003

Mariasole Pepa, Cooperazione agricola Cina-Tanzania: innovazione o dipendenza? in "RIVISTA GEOGRAFICA ITALIANA" 3/2021, pp 105-137, DOI: 10.3280/rgioa3-2021oa12537