The legislative changes related to the accused acquitted by reason of insanity and socially dangerous are explained. The Italian Law no. 81/2014 gives priority to paths that ensure care and can meet the social danger without custodial measures. The Residences for the Execution of Safety Measures (REMS) are supposed to be a residual choice in the case of measures such detention. The function of REMS is to cure people and at the same time to create the conditions to achieve a measure of security other than imprisonment. In this process, the judiciary system plays fundamental role. The challenge is to combine health and safety and create conditions for the empowerment of people in the logic of the recovery by promoting social inclusion, a chance of hope for community psychiatry.
Keywords: Forensic hospitals, security, eligibility, residences for the execution of security measures (REMS), guilty