L’ipotesi dello spostamento nel suicidio: persona e situazione in psicopatologia

Titolo Rivista PSICOTERAPIA E SCIENZE UMANE
Autori/Curatori Andrea Angelozzi
Anno di pubblicazione 2021 Fascicolo 2021/2 Lingua Italiano
Numero pagine 18 P. 247-264 Dimensione file 434 KB
DOI 10.3280/PU2021-002004
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FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

Viene mostrato come l’ostacolo a taluni strumenti suicidari non porti necessariamente a spostarsi su altre modalità letali, esaminando in particolare il caso dell’intossicazione da gas domestico in Gran Bretagna e gli ostacoli per prevenire il salto dal Golden Gate Bridge di San Francisco. Il mancato spostamento sembra caratterizzare anche altri aspetti patologici, quali il gioco d’azzardo, le dipendenze o la criminalità. L’ipotesi dello spostamento è in realtà legata all’errore fondamentale di attribuzione, che privilegia gli aspetti disposizionali rispetto a quelli situazionali. Vengono esaminati bias collegati a questo errore di attribuzione, come la mancata stabilità e coerenza nel tempo e nelle diverse situazioni degli aspetti disposizionali, la mancata coerenza tra atteggiamenti e comportamenti, e gli errori che gli approcci disposizionali inducono nella previsione di compor-tamenti con il variare delle situazioni. Questi bias mettono in discussione il concetto tradizionale di personalità e il suo ruolo nella genesi dei sintomi o nella predizione dei comportamenti, e anche i modelli psicologici tradizionali che prevedono che i comportamenti siano sempre conseguenza degli atteggiamenti della persona. Il ruolo degli aspetti situazionali, specialmente dei cosiddetti "fattori canale", appare importante nella modifica di comportamenti in ambito preventivo e tera-peutico.;

Keywords:Suicidio; Teoria dello spostamento; Modello disposizionale e situaziona-le; Errore di attribuzione; Previsione

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Andrea Angelozzi, L’ipotesi dello spostamento nel suicidio: persona e situazione in psicopatologia in "PSICOTERAPIA E SCIENZE UMANE" 2/2021, pp 247-264, DOI: 10.3280/PU2021-002004