LIBRI DI MARCELLO CESA-BIANCHI

Il volume propone una posizione di forte critica degli orientamenti di cura prevalenti negli ultimi decenni e afferma, contro i modelli di riduzionismo scientifico, tecnologico ed economico di medicina e psicologia, la necessità di recuperare l’elemento esperienziale quale fulcro del rapporto con il paziente. In continuo riferimento all’evoluzione storica delle discipline cliniche, vengono trattati argomenti centrali per l’attività clinica quali: i limiti dell’intervento sanitario, il problema della morte e dell’eutanasia, la formazione dello psicologo clinico…

Il testo vuole essere uno strumento utile per la ricomposizione del senso e del significato dell’agire sanitario: filosofi, pedagogisti, medici e psicologi hanno tracciato i lineamenti scientifici e didattici di un approccio multidisciplinare della relazione medico-paziente e proposto un’ipotesi culturale e professionale per la formulazione di una nuova alleanza tra i diversi soggetti in gioco sui temi di comunicazione, professione, arte, scienza, filosofia, pratica medica, umanizzazione, ecc.

Il volume mira a costruire un modello conoscitivo relativo alla natura dei fenomeni psichici, della loro genesi e del loro sviluppo. L’autore rintraccia le esperienze psichiche che si verificano nelle condizioni molto precoci dello sviluppo: viene sostenuta – sviluppando alcune intuizioni di Rank e di Freud – una continuità tra un’attività psichica primordiale nella situazione endouterina e quella riferibile alla condizione neonatale, che può avere esiti diversi, dal normale sviluppo all’insorgere di patologie psichiche precoci.

Comunicare con il vecchio in difficoltà - Increase aged produces more specific dangers about health and autonomy for many old people; it is possibile to see in aged a life dicotomy: from one side autonomies, creatives, enterprising, propositives old people, from other side old people present loose of physical and mental autonomy. There are many factors that may cause with years disabilities conditions: from changes of living organism in males and females climacteric, from loneliness to alienation, from illness to institutionalized. In old age happen traumatic events, more than other phases of life, as situations about (affective, social, professional and healthy loses) that may produce clinical pain, an affecctive and cognitive decline. In old age depression and dementia represent the more frequent mental and behavioral disturbances. Of course becomes more important to learn, to analyse knolewdge and communication, suffering aged and wih his family. The relationship especially with dement, requires attention, sensitiveness, the decodification of messages, of his identity and of social relationship. Some health workers mind always to some meanings in communication that are to be analysed especially in suffering aged, with dement. Communication and understanding of old people mean give opportunities of support, of changing, of relieving painful and of its clinical symptoms.

L'anziano e la comunicazione - Aging is a physiological and natural process, that goes on in time and produces changes and adaptations. Many factors give their support to outline peculiarities of aging: genetic pool, personality structure, education, culture, financial status, family, experiences, environment, emotions, motivation, creativity. Every aged buildes his own history life that usually wants to tell, to listening to softly, taking part and sensitive. People communication, the description of themselves, express their thoughts and feelings of old people, personal style of life, of interpreting life among reminds, traditions, hopes and plains. Non verbal-communication, its modalities and expressions play important role in relationship with old people. Sometimes old people don’t talk about contents that think and feel, but they do it, meet someone incline to listen and to understand their reasons. Intergenerational communication represents an important peculiarity; old-child, grandfather- grandchild relationship enrich both affective, cultural and creative conditions. A stronger feeling of safety favourites in aged an expression, a more efficient and quiet communication among personal images and peculiarities of relational and social environment.