After having remembered some anecdotes of Otto F. Kernberg’s psychoanalytic and cultural activity, certain problems of psychoanalytic training within organized psychoanalysis are discussed, particularly in reference with Enrique Pichon-Rivière’s (1907-1977) concept of grupo operativo ("operational group" or "operative group"), which was taught by Armando Bauleo (1932- 2008), among others. The rigidity and authoritarianism of psychoanalytic institutes regarding training is criticized, and a reference is made to the epistemologist Ludwig Fleck (1896-1961) who studied the way of observation of a scientific phenomenon based on a learning process within a given institution.
Keywords: Psychoanalytic education, "grupo operativo", psychoanalytic institution, Otto F. Kernberg, Armando Bauleo