La questione socilae, il "Solidarismo" francese e la recezione di Durkheim in Turchia

Durkheim’s Reception in Turkey: The Social Question and French Solidarism (by Mario G. Losano) - ABSTRACT: As there is much talk these days again about third waysbetween communism and liberalism, it may be helpful to look back at the comparable discussion that took place at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. French solidarism took the form of a movement of ideas that was also capable of influencing political action. The organisation of social solidarity in Pierre Leroux and Célestin Bouglé is all but forgotten nowadays, while Durkheim’s non-solidaristic thinking is alive and well. Two little-known aspects are dealt with at length: the solidaristic proposals launched by Léon Bourgeois, the French socialist and 1920 Nobel Peace Prize laureate, and the shift of attention from the worker to the consumer, with the consequent emphasis on the co-operative movement. Legal socialism is another product of these ferments. One all but ignored aspect of the spread of French solidarism is documented by the reception accorded to Durkheim’s solidaristic theories in republican Turkey, brought about by Ziya Gökalp (1876-1924), Turkish nationalism’s leading ideologue. Lastly, French solidarism was also taken up by Christian Social thinking in Germany, although the Social Democratic reform movement was to prove more weighty there. Many of today’s political theories (such as communitarianism) are similar to solidaristic theories, although they make no explicit reference to them as roots.

Mario G. Losano, La questione socilae, il "Solidarismo" francese e la recezione di Durkheim in Turchia in "SOCIOLOGIA DEL DIRITTO " 1/2008, pp 5-26, DOI: