Click here to download

Occupational transitions of youth in Europe. Evidence from four European countries
Journal Title: SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO  
Author/s: Valentina Goglio, Roberto Rizza 
Year:  2014 Issue: 136 Language: Italian 
Pages:  25 Pg. 99-123 FullText PDF:  359 KB
DOI:  10.3280/SL2014-136006
(DOI is like a bar code for intellectual property: to have more infomation:  clicca qui   and here 


The paper deals with transitions into and out of the labour market made by young and young adults (15-34 years old) in four European countries (Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, United Kingdom), each of them characterized by a different institutional context: a different welfare model, a specific employment regime and a different educational system. The paper is based on EU-SILC longitudinal data, analyzed using event history analysis techniques. The time range considered is 2006-2011, divided in a first period (2006-08) considered as a pre-crisis period and a second one (2009-11) characterized by the early stages of the crisis. Results show a disadvantage for those entering the labour market with a temporary contract, a common evidence for all the countries analyzed. Besides, a higher educational title reduces the risk of negative transitions, although with different intensity in the countries analyzed, while gender differences widely vary from country to country. The institutional conditions specific to the country affect the shape of transitions, showing a pronounced disadvantage for the South-European model typical of Italy and, although a little less marked, for the United Kingdom. Finally, a deterioration of opportunities as a consequence of worsened economic conditions is observable only for some of the transitions considered.
Keywords: Youth, institutional context, life course, occupational transitions, NEET

  1. Abbiati G. (2012). Instabilità precarietà, insicurezza. Cosa si intende quando si parla di insicurezza del lavoro. Stato e mercato, 2: 323-356.
  2. Allison P.D. (1982). Discrete-Time Methods for the Analysis of Event Histories. Sociological Methodology, 13 (January): 61-98., DOI: 10.2307/270718
  3. Barbieri P. (2009). Flexible Employment and Inequality in Europe. European Sociological Review. 6: 621-628.
  4. Barbieri P., Scherer S. (2005). Le conseguenze sociali della flessibilizzazione del lavoro in Italia. Stato e mercato, 2: 291-322.
  5. Bernardi F., Nazio T. (2005). Globalization and the Transition to Adulthood in Italy. In: Blossfeld H.P., Klijzing E., Mills M., Kurz K., eds., Globalization, Uncertainty and Youth in Society. London: Routledge.
  6. Bernardi F. (2006). Análisis de la historia de acontecimientos. Madrid: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas.
  7. Berton F., Richiardi M., Sacchi S. (2009). Flex-insecurity: perché in Italia la flessibilità diventa precarietà. Bologna, il Mulino.
  8. Blossfeld H.-P., Golsch K., Rohwer G. (2006). Event History Analysis with Stata. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  9. Blossfeld H.-P., Buchholz S., Bukodi E. Kurz, K., eds. (2008). Young Workers, Globalization and the labour Market. Comparing Early Working Life in Eleven Countries. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  10. Box-Steffensmeier J.M. (2004). Event History Modeling: A Guide for Social Scientists. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
  11. Breen R. (2005). Explaining Cross-national Variation in Youth Unemployment. Markets and Institutional Factoris. European Sociological Review, 21, 2: 125-34.
  12. Bukodi E., Robert P. (2007). Occupational Career Mobility and Social Stratification in Europe. Dublin: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
  13. De Luigi N., Rizza R. (2011). La vulnerabilità dei giovani nel mercato del lavoro italiano: dinamiche e persistenze. Sociologia del lavoro, 124: 117-147.
  14. Esping-Andersen G. (2000). I fondamenti sociali delle economie post-industriali. Bologna: il Mulino.
  15. Esping-Andersen G., Regini M. (2000). Why deregulate labour markets? Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  16. Eurofound (2012). NEETs – Young People Not in Employment, Education or Training: Characteristics, Costs and Policy Responses in Europe. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
  17. Gallie D., eds. (2007). Employment Regimes and the Quality of Work. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  18. Gangl M. (2003). The only way is up? Employment Protection and Job Mobility among recent Entrants to European labour markets. European Sociological review, 19, 5: 429-49.
  19. Gualmini E., Rizza R. (2013). Le politiche del lavoro. Bologna: il Mulino.
  20. Hall P., Soskice D. (2001). Varieties of capitalism: the institutional foundations of comparative advantage. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  21. Heinz W.R., Krüger H. (2001). Life Course: Innovation and Challenges for Social Research. Current Sociology, 2: 29-45.
  22. Mayer K.U., Schöpflin U. (1989). The State and the Life Course. Annual Review of Sociology, 15: 187-209.
  23. Mills M. (2011). Introducing Survival and Event History Analysis. Los Angeles, Calif.; London: SAGE.
  24. Naldini M., Saraceno C. (2011). Conciliare famiglia e lavoro. Bologna: il Mulino.
  25. Nilsen O.A. (2005). Transition to Adulhood in Norway. In: Blossfeld H.P., Klijzing E., Mills M., Kurz K., eds., cit.
  26. Olagnero M. (2004) Vite nel tempo. Roma: Carocci.
  27. Palier B., eds. (2010). A long goodbye to Bismarck?: the politics of welfare reforms in continental Europe. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
  28. Ranci C., eds. (2010). Social vulnerability in Europe: the new configuration of social risks. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  29. Reisel R. (2013). Is More always Better? Early Careers Returns to Education in US and Norway. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 31: 49-68.
  30. Reyneri E. (2011). Sociologia del mercato del lavoro. Bologna: il Mulino.
  31. Reyneri E., Pintalti F. (2013). Dieci domande su un mercato del lavoro in crisi. Bologna: il Mulino.
  32. Schmelzer P. (2008). Increasing Employment Instability among Young People? Labour Market Entries and Early Career in Great Britain since the 1980s. In:
  33. Blossfeld H.P., Buchholz S., Bukodi E., Kurz K., Young Workers, Globalization and the labour Market. Comparing Early Working Life in Eleven Countries. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  34. Schmid G. (2002). Wege in eine neue Vollbeschäftigung. Frankfurt/New York: Campus.
  35. Schmid G., Gazier B. (2002). The dynamics of full employment: social integration through transitional labour markets. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  36. Trigilia C. (2009). Sociologia economica. Bologna: il Mulino.
  37. Trigilia C., Burroni L. (2009). Rise, Decline and Restructuring of a Regionalized Capitalism. Economy and Society, 4: 630-653.
  38. Visser J., Hemerijck A. (1998). Il miracolo olandese. Roma: Edizioni Lavoro.
  39. Wolbers M. (2008). Increasing Labour Market Instability among Young People? Labour Market Entry and Early Career Development among School-Leavers in the Netherlands since the Mid-1980s’. In Blossfeld H.P., Buchholz S., Bukodi E., Kurz K., cit.

Valentina Goglio, Roberto Rizza, Occupational transitions of youth in Europe. Evidence from four European countries in "SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO " 136/2014, pp. 99-123, DOI:10.3280/SL2014-136006

   

FrancoAngeli is a member of Publishers International Linking Association a not for profit orgasnization wich runs the CrossRef service, enabing links to and from online scholarly content