RISULTATI RICERCA

The relevance of the subject matter of this research study is due to raising issues in the field of environmental law enforcement in the Republic of Kazakhstan as well as the need to improve the existing methods of protecting environmental law and order in the country. The main purpose of this research study is to examine the legal means of protecting environmental law and order in Kazakhstan and the rights of the country’s citizens to protect and enforce environmental law. The methodological approach in this research paper consisted of a combination of systematic analysis and the synthesis with abstraction of research data. The findings demonstrated a whole set of objective prerequisites for the establishment of effective legal remedies for the protection of the environmental legal order in the country. The Republic of Kazakhstan has adopted and successfully applied in practice the Environmental Code, which regulates the rights and obligations of citizens in the field of environmental law and order. At the same time, there is prosecutorial surveillance in the area of natural resource management and environmental protection. It is an effective tool for monitoring compliance with the rule of law in protecting the citizens’ rights in environmental law enforcement. These rights are also under protection of the Aarhus Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters. This convention was the subject of ratification by the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The practical significance of the results obtained in this research is in the possibility of their application in the development and practical implementation of effective legal ways to protect the norms of environmental safety in Kazakhstan.

Examining foreign practices helps determine the optimal models of legislation and principles that can be applied in the context of the Kazakh mediation system. Given the issue's significance, the study aimed to deliver an exhaustive analysis of mediation legislation and its implementation in the Republic of Kazakhstan and abroad. The legal nature of mediation was examined, during which the main principles on which the procedure is based were identified and analysed. The research contributed to a comprehensive understanding of the foundational conditions necessary for establishing mediation institutes within a national context, while simultaneously tracing the evolutionary trajectory through which mediation developed into one of the most sophisticated alternative dispute resolution mechanisms. Through systematic comparative analysis, the investigation examined both legislative frameworks and the practical implementation of mediation procedures in the Republic of Kazakhstan and various international jurisdictions. The analytical findings revealed quantitative measures of mediation effectiveness within the Republic of Kazakhstan, establishing comparative benchmarks against international jurisdictions where mediation procedures have been systematically implemented and evaluated.

This paper investigates the role of the oil sector in Azerbaijan’s sustainable economic development and its impact on economic diversification, job creation, infrastructure development, and increased export earnings. By analysing data on gross domestic product and investment, the oil sector is shown to be growing steadily, reflecting a gradual shift towards a more resilient and sustainable economic model. The study also examines the role of small and medium enterprises within the non-oil sector and highlights initiatives promoting regional recovery and entrepreneurship. It emphasizes the importance of developing human capital in the oil and non-oil sectors by providing qualified personnel and social support for workers as prerequisites for long-term sustainability.

The purpose of this study was to analyse effective practices of sustainable public governance in crisis management, with a particular focus on Japan and New Zealand. The study was based on public administration in Japan and New Zealand. For the Japanese government, the 2011 earthquake was a crisis event, and for New Zealand government, the COVID-19 pandemic was a crisis event. The study analysed how the Sendai city authorities have been actively involved in modernizing critical infrastructure and residential buildings since the 2011 earthquake and promoting renewable energy programs. In November 2023, within the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, a lecture on earthquake safety was held for Kyoto University students. The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan has been strengthening the earthquake resistance of educational institutions and as of 2024, 100% of schools have been modernized. After the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic, New Zealand authorities introduced a system of 4 levels of warning, according to which different rules for staying in public places were applied depending on the level of epidemiological danger. The vaccination rate reached more than 80% in a brief period, which enabled the introduction of a traffic light system, according to which, if the population had a vaccination certificate, they could return to their pre-pandemic lifestyle. The study explores how sustainable approaches – such as infrastructure modernization, disaster risk reduction, renewable energy promotion, and inclusive health governance – contributed to long-term societal well-being. The findings emphasize that sustainability-oriented strategies in public administration strengthen crisis resilience and enhance national preparedness for future challenges.

The paper examined the sustainable development of the furniture industry, focusing on three main components: environmental, economic and social aspects. The study examined the level of development of such companies as IKEA and Herman Miller, as well as the current state of the furniture industry in Kyrgyzstan, including the enterprises “Lima Mebel”, “Mebelnaya masterskaya”, “Mosmebel” and “Kerege”. The results showed that the use of certified materials, the introduction of closed production cycles and the use of innovative technologies significantly reduce the negative impact on the environment. The economic aspect includes the need to achieve business profitability while respecting the principles of sustainable development. The study emphasized the importance of finding a balance between economic benefits and environmental constraints. Investments in modern technologies allow not only to reduce production costs but also to improve product quality, which in turn contributes to reducing the negative impact on the environment. The social aspect is related to the well-being of workers and society as a whole.

The study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of the organisation and operation of jury trials in Ukraine and the United States, as well as to identify problematic aspects and propose recommendations. In addition, the system of jury selection, the organisation of their activities during the trial and the decision-making procedure were addressed. The study was conducted using the methods of legal document analysis, comparative law, and analysis of judicial practice. The results of the study demonstrated significant differences in the organisation of jury trials in Ukraine and the United States. In Ukraine, there are restrictions on the age of jurors, no clear rules for replacing jurors during trials, and no unified system of jury instruction. In contrast to Ukraine, the United States has a clear system of jury selection and replacement, as well as detailed instructions for jurors, which helps to improve their efficiency. As a result of the analysis, several recommendations were made to improve the jury system in Ukraine, in particular: reviewing the age requirements for jury candidates, introducing clear rules for replacing jurors, creating a unified system of jury instruction and enhancing media coverage of jury trials. Implementation of these recommendations will help to improve the effectiveness of jury trials, strengthen public trust in justice and further democratise the judicial process in Ukraine

International organisations and cross-border mobility are driving up civil conflicts involving foreigners in Kazakhstan, challenging the capacity, inclusiveness, and predictability of national civil justice. This article analyses the legal status and procedural rights of foreign citizens and stateless persons in civil actions under Kazakhstani law in the context of sustainable legal growth. The study uses a dialectical approach and normative and comparative legal analysis of the Civil Procedure Code, private international law rules, and relevant international instruments governing court access, judgement recognition and enforcement, and legal assistance. Persistent shortcomings in institutional resilience include fragmented jurisdictional regulations, inconsistent service standards abroad, language and cost constraints, and inadequate digital accessibility for cross-border litigants. Addressing these issues through improved connectivity, recognition procedures, translation and fee-waiver safeguards, e-justice tools, and treaty alignment would improve fairness, efficiency, and non-discrimination. Strengthening foreign people’ procedural status can boost societal trust, investment climate, and the rule of law while complying with international responsibilities. A more resilient and sustainable civil justice system in Kazakhstan can be achieved by embedding principles of accessibility, transparency, equality before the law, and effective remedy into proceedings involving foreign persons. The article proposes incremental legislative and institutional reforms that are timely and necessary.

The aim of this study was to identify the ways in which business schools can contribute to the restoration of a country’s national economy following the end of a war, and to examine the potential implementation of such practices in Ukraine. The research analysed the successful experience of American business schools in contributing to economic recovery in the post-war period. Additionally, an analysis of the operational environment of business schools in Ukraine was conducted based on statistical data, in order to assess the feasibility of applying American practices within the Ukrainian context. Between 2010 and 2023, the number of business entities in Ukraine increased by 12.41%. In 2020, the country recorded a high ease of doing business score (80.9 out of 100), and in 2022, the human capital development index stood at 0.734 out of 1.0. It was established that, by adapting curricula and implementing new teaching strategies, American business schools made a significant contribution to the country’s economic recovery following the World War II. These strategies included prompt responses to labour market demands and to changes in national economic activity. An analysis of high-quality internationally accredited business schools was conducted, revealing that the development of such institutions in Ukraine remains problematic. The primary obstacles to their effective functioning stem from the instability of the external socio-economic environment resulting from the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War, as well as from the declining performance of educational institutions. For business schools to make a meaningful contribution to post-war reconstruction, following the American example, it is crucial to implement relevant strategies and teaching approaches that respond swiftly to societal changes and foster leadership among business school graduates.

The study analyzes information resilience in Ukrainian and German societies and assesses its implications for political transformations and sustainable democratic development. Using comparative public policy analysis, content analysis of legislative initiatives, and evaluations of media literacy and public resistance to disinformation, the research compares state and societal responses. Findings show that in Ukraine, information resilience is shaped by hybrid warfare and sustained information attacks, with polarization and low trust in official sources as key constraints. In Germany, policy prioritizes countering online extremism, preventing foreign interference, and regulating digital platforms under the Network Enforcement Act, yet election-period disinformation remains impactful despite higher media literacy. Consistent information policy and close collaboration with civil society and international partners can enhance adaptive capacity, protect democratic deliberation, and sustain institutional trust.

The aim of this study was to investigate the reproduction of fixed capital as a factor of sustainable development, as well as to analyse the approaches, challenges and prospects in this area, focusing on the example of the United States, China, Spain, Italy, India, Syria, Libya, Vietnam, Mexico, Brazil, Germany, South Korea, Singapore, Denmark, Norway, Sweden. The study uses a combined approach that includes regression and comparative analysis, as well as systematic analysis to study the relationships between fixed capital reproduction and sustainable development, in particular economic, social, and environmental aspects. The study found that fixed investment fluctuated, with USD 33 trillion in 2018, increasing to USD 34 trillion in 2019, but declining to USD 30 trillion in 2020 due to the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021, there was a partial recovery to USD 32 trillion, indicating the ability of economies to adapt to new conditions. Key findings show that the level of fixed investment is directly correlated with gross domestic product growth and job creation. For example, in Brazil, infrastructure investment created 1.5 million jobs in two years, while in India, the level of fixed investment reached 30% of gross domestic product, contributing 6% to economic growth. The study also developed recommendations for the reproduction of fixed capital in Kyrgyzstan. The conclusion emphasises the need for an integrated approach to investment strategies that takes into account economic, social and environmental factors to achieve sustainable development.

The article examines the problems of financing and forecasting within Azerbaijan's system of social insurance and pension provision. Through a thorough theoretical and methodological analysis based on the current regulatory and management framework, the main aspects of financial sustainability challenges were identified. The research evaluates the complex interplay between demographic, economic, and institutional factors affecting the pension system’s long-term viability. The study’s main scientific innovation lies in the development of a comprehensive analytical approach to a specific country model, providing methodological frameworks to handle financial security and sustainability issues, thereby expanding and improving the methodological foundation for financial management and forecasting in social protection systems Particular attention is drawn to relevant priorities for strengthening the financial foundation of social protection, identified as the most critical factor in improving overall social protection. The findings provide a valuable theoretical basis for policy development at the national management level within the current pension system, which operates solely on the solidarity principle.

The relevance of this study stems from the need to integrate international standards into the public administration system of the Republic of Kazakhstan, particularly in the context of globalisation, the shifting political and economic landscape, and the imperative of sustainable governance. The aim of the research is to analyse the process of adapting international standards within Kazakhstan’s civil service system, with particular emphasis on the recommendations of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and their influence on sustainability in public institutions. The research methodology includes a comprehensive analysis of national and international practices, employing historical and comparative approaches to identify best practices for integrating global experience into Kazakhstan’s administrative system. The findings indicate that the implementation of international standards contributes to the development of a sustainable organisational culture, the strengthening of ethical norms, and enhanced governance efficiency. The conclusions of the study include proposals for legislative updates in Kazakhstan, enhancement of public service ethics standards, and institutional mechanisms that support sustainable administrative transformation and ethical continuity.

The study intends to ascertain whether it is feasible to modify the UK’s strategy in order to meet Bulgaria’s infrastructure and public service deficiencies, given the country’s changing governance environment and major infrastructure challenges. The study highlights important components of the UK’s PPP model, such as strict control, cautious risk-sharing, and value-for-money evaluations, using a comparative policy analysis and real-world case studies from both countries. Critical obstacles that impede the establishment of successful PPPs in Bulgaria are identified by the study, including fragmented legal frameworks and inadequate government competence. The study makes policy recommendations for bolstering institutional capacities, promoting transparency, and fortifying legal frameworks in light of these findings. Bulgaria must take these actions in order to develop a more robust and long-lasting PPP model. The findings show that PPPs can boost economic growth, decrease corruption, and increase public value when properly implemented. But in order to reach their full potential, Bulgaria needs to get over legal and institutional barriers, especially with specific policy changes. In the end, this study provides insightful information for scholars and policymakers who want to advance PPP models, especially in transitional economies. The study comes to the conclusion that although it is not feasible to directly replicate the UK model, Bulgaria’s infrastructure and public services might be greatly enhanced by implementing modified approaches.

This study explores the role of international educational services in promoting sustainable economic development, using Kyrgyzstan and the Czech Republic as case studies. The research methodology included a survey of 50 experts in Kyrgyzstan and 50 in the Czech Republic, comparative analysis and recommendations. The main results of the study showed that the Czech Republic is much more competitive in the international education market than Kyrgyzstan. Several important aspects, such as student infrastructure and scholarships, also showed an advantage for the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic exhibits higher sustainability in its education export model, characterized by institutional support, inclusive infrastructure, and alignment with global sustainability standards. Kyrgyzstan shows potential for growth by enhancing educational accessibility, reducing language barriers, and increasing investment in sustainable education strategies.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing sustainable practices in corporate financial management, with particular attention to their impact on strategic planning, financial performance, and long-term resilience. The research methodology combines a review of current approaches to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) integration with an analysis of international practices and frameworks. The findings of the study indicate that the adoption of sustainable practices in corporate financial management plays a crucial role in ensuring the long-term stability of companies. However, the implementation process is met with several challenges, including resistance to change, significant financial costs, and a lack of expertise in sustainable development. Integrated strategies that incorporate ESG factors contribute to improved financial planning, reduced risks, and enhanced business appeal to investors. Overall, the study underlines the importance of embedding sustainable practices into corporate financial governance to support efficient resource allocation, increased transparency, and sustainable value creation.

This study examines gender equity and diversity management practices within organizations in the province of Vicenza, addressing a critical gap in Italian DM research, which remains underdeveloped and predominantly focused on gender. Drawing on social constructionism, critical feminism, and Mintzberg’s organizational typologies, the research investigates how local cultures, structural configurations, and power dynamics shape the implementation of gender equity initiatives. Using a qualitative case study approach, the study analyzes semi-structured interviews with leaders and HR personnel across eight organizations, complemented by narrative inquiry and qualitative content analysis. Findings reveal a persistent disconnect between formal commitments to equity and the lived realities of organizational processes. Meritocratic discourse often masks entrenched inequality regimes, including gender pay gaps, vertical segregation, limited paternal leave uptake, and welfare policies that reinforce traditional caregiving roles. The study underscores the need for intersectional auditing, redistributive care policies, and participatory narrative practices to foster transformative, context-sensitive gender equity strategies.

In recent years, the expansion of advanced digital technologies in the learning field has caused a deep change in educational platforms and revolutionized the tools and systems that support online learning. Within this context, the rapid development of Learning Analytics (LA) in blended and online higher education has transformed assessment practices, enabling personalized feedback and more targeted instructional strategies. This scoping review investigates how LA is integrated into formative assessment practices within blended learning courses in higher education. By analysing 13 selected studies, the review identifies the main techniques, purposes, and roles attributed to LA, such as student profiling, predictive modeling, teacher support, and feedback automation. The restricted number of papers examined could limit the broader applicability of the conclusions. However, findings highlight how LA is increasingly employed to support formative assessment in blended higher education, with methods such as process mining, predictive modeling, and visualization enabling more precise monitoring of student learning and the provision of timely, personalized feedback. Yet, the pedagogical challenge lies in ensuring that these tools are not reduced to mere instruments of control, but are instead leveraged to foster engagement, support teachers’ decision-making, and promote more inclusive and meaningful learning experiences.

The adoption of Open Educational Resources (OER) represents a turning point in democratizing access to knowledge and promoting innovative educational practices. The ENCORE project aims to integrate the use of OER with digital, green and entrepreneurial (DGE) skills through a system based on advanced artificial intelligence technologies. This study analyzes results of a transnational intervention aimed at assessing ENCORE’s impact on increasing OER-related knowledge (OER Knowledge) and explores outcome variability across learner profiles and intervention types. The data collected shows a significant increase in participants’ ability to identify, use and integrate OER in their educational settings, as well as an improvement in their understanding of open licenses and open educational practices. These findings highlight ENCORE’s potential as a tool to facilitate access to OER, emphasizing the importance of course design in shaping learning outcomes and educational practices. ENCORE proves to be a valuable tool for enhancing professional development and promoting innovation. The article reflects implications for instructional design and the adoption of open AI-supported education.

This study assesses the effectiveness of “Resident Day,” a multi-modal orientation program at Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico for newly enrolled medical residents. The program combines traditional lectures, experiential simulations, and gamified activities, including a hospital-based treasure hunt designed to bridge theoretical knowledge and practical clinical readiness. A comparative analysis of pre- and post-training surveys from the 2022 (n. 146 respondents) and 2024 (n. 135 respondents) cohorts revealed statistically significant improvements in technical competencies, spatial orientation, and familiarity with clinical workflows. Notably, the gamification element, particularly the “Treasure Hunt,” significantly enhanced spatial orientation and clinical area familiarity, with 2024 participants showing greater improvement compared to 2022. While practical sessions received strong evaluations, the team-building activity (“Airplane Challenge”) scored lower than in previous years, suggesting areas for refinement. Overall, the Resident Day initiative demonstrates that innovative, engaging onboarding strategies can effectively enhance early clinical integration, technical skills, and resident confidence. Experiential learning and gamification emerged as particularly impactful, underlining the value of active, hands-on methodologies in bridging the gap between academic training and real-world medical practice. These findings may inform broader reforms in medical education and orientation programs internationally.