RISULTATI RICERCA

Viene ripercorsa sinteticamente la storia della legge 56/1989 che ha istituito l’Albo degli Psicologi e regolamentato l’esercizio della psicoterapia in Italia (la cosiddetta “legge Ossicini”). In particolare vengono esaminate le conseguenze derivate dall’applicazione degli articoli 3 e 35 della legge 56/1989, e le vicissitudini legate alle decisioni delle varie Commissioni ministeriali e ai diversi pareri del Consiglio di Stato, mettendo in evidenza i comportamenti delle associazioni e delle categorie professionali coinvolte. Nella seconda parte dell’articolo viene presentata una ricerca empirica compiuta tramite un questionario sulle più di 250 scuole di psicoterapia riconosciute dal Ministero al marzo 2004, data in cui è stata compiuta la ricerca. Sono stati esaminati soprattutto gli aspetti storici e giuridici delle scuole, le iniziative culturali e scientifiche, le caratteristiche organizzative e didattiche, e il quadro teorico di riferimento. [Parole chiave: regolamentazione della psicoterapia, legge 56/1989, albo degli psicologi italiani, elenchi degli psicoterapeuti, Adriano Ossicini]

Alla nota interpretazione moralistica secondo cui i terroristi sarebbero i cattivi che combattono contro i buoni e il terrorismo l’espressione delle forze del Male, si coniuga l’opinione più raffinata di alcuni esperti di scienze del comportamento per i quali i terroristi sarebbero individui mentalmente malati. Studi multidisciplinari rivelano invece che i fattori sono molteplici, tra cui quelli economici, politici, religiosi, sociologici, e solo in ultima analisi psicologici. Poiché il terrorismo solleva quesiti essenziali che non riguardano il profilo psicologico del terrorista né in modo particolare la dinamica paranoica del gruppo terrorista, ma quali dinamiche sociopolitiche favoriscono il fenomeno, cosa esprime politicamente il gesto del terrorista e che ruolo gioca nella dinamica dei conflitti contestuali, in questo articolo si sostiene la tesi che il terrorismo non possa essere spiegato né capito ricorrendo a variabili psicologiche o biologiche. [Parole chiave: terrorismo, terroristi-suicidi, motivazioni, guerra, fodamentalismo]

L’autore affronta il rapporto tra attaccamento e sessualità, un tema che fino ai tempi recenti non è stato approfondito a sufficienza, per cercare di comprendere la scissione tra amore e desiderio che si osserva in molti individui. Come è noto, Freud nel 1912 attribuì questa scissione nel sesso maschile a una “fissazione incestuosa alla madre o alla sorella”. Per l’autore invece la scissione tra amore e desiderio può essere meglio spiegata come scissione tra attaccamento e sessualità, due sistemi che sono non solo funzionalmente distinti, ma per certi versi antagonisti. La scissione tra amore e desiderio sarebbe causata da questo parziale antagonismo reciproco tra questi due sistemi motivazionali. Inoltre gli stili di attaccamento possono minimizzare o amplificare questa scissione, ad esempio l’attaccamento insicuro, paragonato a quello sicuro, è associato a una più alta probabilità di scissione tra amore e desiderio. [Parole chiave: attaccamento, sessualità, scissione, inibizione della sessualità, incesto]

This paper deals with the problem of the creation of metropolitan cities in the italian experience. The analysis is open by a reflection on the evolution of the urban systems in a worldwide dimension. A particular attention is devoted to the problem of the emergence of a metropolitan strategies in a dimension of local communities separated from an administrative point of view. Author emphasizes the link between a theoretical approach and the normative one, with a particular focus on the Italian experience. The Italian legislation on the topics is discussed and criticized with an analysis of the operational mistakes made by the Italian Parliament. Author claims for a more flexible legislation.

The aim of this paper is to offer some empirical insights into the financial decisions of the Italian medium firms in order to point out the factors affecting their capital structure strategy. Then, this paper carries out an empirical comparison of manufacturing leading versus medium companies and, afterwards, of district versus non-district firms as regard their financial decisions and the associated financial characteristics. The Mediobanca-Unioncamere ME sample is analyzed.

The article examines the strong relationship among innovation, knowledge, training and learning processes. The insufficient technological transfer is therefore compared to the low scientific culture in the labour world. There is the need to invest on human resources by improving the scientific knowledge transfer to the working world outside the scientific community. The high level of scientific results that have brought Italian scientists to gain prestigious position in many international contexts is in contrast with the technological transfer to the enterprise system. In this framework the ENEA e-LEARN platform, with its 43 free e-learning courses, is an attempt to improve the transfer of high level knowledge to the enterprises world in order to facilitate the technological transfer. Knowledge can reach the workers in their own work place or even at home and allow them to improve the scientific bases to make good use of the technology and promote the necessary innovation to survive in the international market that is more and more competitive and needs continuous and updated knowledge transfer.

Since 2001 Italian economy is on trouble. The main stream explanations pick out primary causes on industrial specialization (based on traditional sectors) and related size structure (strong weight of small firms): this conditions should expose economy to low costs competitors and grows to be difficult technological innovation processes investments. This article advances a different insight in so called industrial decline of Italy and it tries to outline several growth trajectories based on a realistic political economy perspective. First of all, the paper propose a reading of institutional cycles as key to an understanding this critical economic passage, that is shared with other advanced economies, specifically in Europe. On the other hand, it discuss four innovation economic strategies for Made in Italy industries: experience goods and services, technological integration processes, information goods disjointing from industrial operations, and multinational organization of production. Conclusions try to discuss the schumpeterian problem of social opposition to innovation as one of the main barrier to growth that economic institutions have to face in high developed countries.

The innovative system of the Marche Region faces the challenges of international competition in conditions of relative weakness with respect to a national context which is already frail. The weakness of the Marche system regards, above all, the lack of institutionalized research and, to a lesser extent, the capability to introduce and commercialise new and successful products and processes. In this framework, we document the existence of a limited albeit not negligible number of firms, even of small-medium size, which exhibit more systematic and efficient research activities, and invest in the establishment of laboratories, in the employment of qualified personnel dedicated to research and in the development of technological collaboration both with other enterprises and institutions. The relative fragility of each component of the regional innovative system (firms, universities, public establishments), which is partly compensated by an increasing recourse to collaboration both inside and outside the regional and national boundaries, is nevertheless remarkable with respect to the access to, and the use of, new technologies, especially those underlying the development of new paradigms. Furthermore, public support towards research and development is largely directed to short term objectives with immediate impact on businesses.