RISULTATI RICERCA

During the first thirty years of the past century a wide nest of organisations for youth social security took a footing in Germany. Their official aim was to offer support to rising youth cultures, but actually they wanted to control them and to tune them in the prevailing völkisch ideology. This led to the birth of many different youth organisations, among which the Wandervogel is certainly one of the most known and original. This movement was partly promoted by the youths themselves, on the basis of their interests, but was actually kept under strict control by the adults, who sponsored and coordinated their activities. These official associations were soon opposed by youth groups determined to organize their lives by themselves, avoiding the supervision of any legal authority, in order not to be influenced by the militarist and nationalist atmosphere which characterized Germany in those years. While the young rebels from the worker class joined in so called Wilde Cliquen, those from the middle-upper class set up rural communes: new forms of living together in which values as freedom and solidarity represented the main joining elements. Comparing the official youth associations with these outsiders, we can get an idea of the unbelievable vitality which distinguished the young generation of the ’20s. Moreover, we can realize that behaviours and forms of grouping together considered typical for the youth of the 70s or 80s, like communes and hippy and punk groups have their roots just in those years in which the traditions of the forefathers were heavily questioned.

The article analyses some figures of Yugoslav culture in 1989, with the aim of critically discussing the connection between the end of the political regime and the dissolution of the state. It investigates reflections on the crisis of the Federation and constitutional reform, on the relationship between the Yugoslav experience and Europe, and on the role of intellectuals in the transition to democracy. In this way, an alternative perspective on the democratization of Yugoslavia is presented, in contrast with the rise of nationalisms.

This article examines video narratives from two North China migrant NGOs in relation to the topic of national development. It argues that state-based discourses of "harmonious society", or héxié shèhuì, are reconfigured visually in a migrant context through metaphors of balance and home, both of which challenge dominant paradigms of "differential" migrant citizenship as established by the changing yet resilient hukou permanent residency laws. The rhetoric of development in China is ambiguous in relation to humanitarian operations there, given the unusual and complex relationship between civil society and the state. The videos analyzed in this article appropriate development values experientially, in the process revealing the importance of alternative autonomies within Chinese society.

La colpa è un sentimento complesso, che può essere confuso con la vergogna, la paura, l’angoscia. Nella tradizione psicoanalitica è stata affrontata ed approfondita da molti autori. In ambito junghiano non ha ricevuto la stessa attenzione. Ad una lettura superficiale degli scritti di Jung potrebbe sembrare che egli abbia derubricato la colpa a sentimento morale, svuotandola di significati psicologici. In realtà tutta la concezione junghiana della psiche attribuisce centralità alla colpa, in quanto il processo di trasformazione psichica (differenziazione e integrazione), che si sviluppa come percorso d’individuazione, si attiva con la presa di coscienza dell’ombra psichica e morale, che suscita sentimenti di colpa. Attraverso riferimenti clinici e teorici, l’Autore intende mostrare come nell’ottica junghiana la colpa sia una dimensione della psiche, compagna fedele del cammino di individuazione. Riconosciuta e accolta, apre nuovi orizzonti di ricerca interiore. Diventa perciò fondamentale la questione della trasformabilità della colpa, che non va confusa con la sua eliminazione.

In questo scritto, viene proposta una comparazione tra taluni limitati aspetti della psicologia junghiana e alcune correnti di pensiero della cultura europea del XX secolo e, in particolare, con le riflessioni provenienti non solo dalla filosofia della scienza e dalle discipline umane, ma anche da quelle che, in modi diversi e non facilmente integrabili, hanno proposto il ridimensionamento del cognitivo rispetto alla ben più vasta categoria dell’esistenziale. A tale ridimensionamento è legata la concezione junghiana della psicoterapia.

L’autore, partendo da spunti personali, ipotizza segrete risonanze tra Jung e Winnicott, così diversi ma collegati da una ricerca profonda. Partendo dal primo sogno di Jung, riportato nel suo diario Memorie, sogni, riflessioni, e da una poesia di Winnicott, L’albero, l’autore si avventura in domande aperte circa la posizione di Jung descritta nelle Memorie e quella di Winnicott nella sua recensione del diario di Jung. Vengono inoltre prese in considerazione gli scambi di lettere tra Winnicott e Fordham. L’autore propone una lettura più approfondita ed emotiva di una comune partenza dei due maestri dal fatto di aver avuto madri depresse e l’iter di ognuno di loro a partire da questa situazione così significativa per entrambi. I due si diversificano immensamente, ma sembra all’autore che Jung possa aver ‘aiutato’ in qualche modo Winnicott ad affrontare e riconoscere la presenza di un continuum unitario dell’essere, sul quale Winnicott rifletteva negli ultimi lavori.  

From the fall of the Wall in Berlin to the collapse of the Towers in New York, in the field of law the notion of globalization has substantially been synonymous of new worldwide order. By giving value to the emergency of powerful agencies and new extra- , trans- and over-national law devices, this version has been above all characterised by the emphasis put on the necessity of de-construction up to the decay of the ordinamental structures rooted on the State-form, according to criteria unilaterally defined and/or inspired by western political-financial circles. After the terroristic action of September 11th, and the war action of the USA against Iraq, the questionable and controversial representation of a global or globalized worldwide order is not proposable any longer, and has become a real non-sense, given the evident violation of the whole international law system and the following absolute constitutional instability. How globalization has been implemented in the field of law has been analysed, putting in evidence limits and contradictions, and the reasons of the consequent unsuccess because of the organic link with the subsequent application of the preventive war concept. Recalling the ancient jus communicationis, theorised at the age of the American colonization, is useful to strongly criticise the existent relationship between the strategies of globalization and the imperial aims hidden behind the ideology of the universality of the western law model.

Il volume tratta dello jus variandi nel contratto di lavoro tra privati, inteso come il potere del datore di lavoro di mutare le mansioni cui il lavoratore è adibito. A distanza di quasi dieci anni dalla riforma del Jobs Act, la nuova disciplina ha iniziato a permeare il sistema, soprattutto grazie al ruolo della contrattazione collettiva, che ha avviato un processo di rivisitazione non solo dello jus variandi nel suo complesso, ma anche del significato della professionalità.

The experience of a number of successful monetary unions and economic theory suggest that the euro area would benefit from the establishment of a supranational fiscal capacity, provided its design keeps the risk of moral hazard at bay. Institutional reforms prompted by the crisis (e.g., the European Stability Mechanism and the banking union) are introducing - though to a limited extent - elements of crosscountry risk sharing. Nevertheless, among European institutions there is a broad consensus that further steps are needed. Proposals to create a sort of rainy-day fund present major practical difficulties - associated, inter alia, with the uncertainty characterising the identification of shocks in real time. A more appropriate solution, consistent with how risk sharing operates in existing federations, may be to centralize specific public functions. One often-discussed possibility is the introduction of a common unemployment benefit scheme. We argue that consideration could also be given to the creation of a euro-wide, notional defined-contribution pension scheme.