RISULTATI RICERCA

Il volume offre un approccio alla figura del notaio capace di coglierne le molteplici attività e ruoli, in quanto figura in cui convergono funzioni di mediazione sociale ed economica. Il testo tenta di svelarne la centralità sociale, tanto nelle comunità rurali che in quelle urbane. Attraverso l’indagine di questi temi, il libro vuole mettere a confronto le ricerche condotte su alcune realtà “italiane” con la storiografia di altri Stati europei, che al tema hanno dedicato maggiore attenzione.

Il saggio ricostruisce le vicende editoriali di un giornale legittimista, «L’Amico della gioventù» (1832-1837), inserendolo nel contesto culturale della Modena capitale dell’intransigentismo cattolico degli anni trenta. L’analisi della breve vita dell’Amico è però soprattutto l’occasione per vedere come il suo promotore e direttore Francesco Galvani, provi a costruire una carriera di letterato che cerca di attraversare i confini politici presenti nell’Italia della Restaurazione. Attraverso la ricostruzione di una figura interstiziale come quella di Galvani, l’obiettivo del saggio è dunque quello di offrire un peculiare sguardo sul mondo delle lettere italiane nella prima metà dell’ottocento.

This article presents a reconstruction of the theme of basic rights in Habermas’s philosophy in the light of the concept of « Communicative Action ». The need for basic rights is rooted in a double necessity presented by modern legal orders which, on the one hand, are devoid of the legitimacy that drives the individual to respect the laws; on the other hand, they are expressions of differentiated and complex societies which lack social integration. Basic rights satisfy both needs, giving legitimacy to both legal orders and social integration in the community. In referring to Kant and Rousseau, Habermas proposes a logical genesis of basic rights, which is expressed in the internal relation between rights of freedom and social rights. This internal relation has a double meaning with respect to Communicative Action: it was born out of intersubjective discourse and is functional to the reaching of an agreement. Habermas does not stop at the logical foundations, but shows the necessity of applying them to an institutional context. From here the need to submit to the D principle of democracy also in institutional bodies such as parliament, administrative bodies and the courts.

The essay offers a reading of Habermas’ Faktizität und Geltung. The author holds that Habermas has got the merit to put forward a normative theory of democratic ruleof law concentrating on the problem of efficacy and institutionalization. The relevance of law as a mean to mediate between socialization processes and universalism emerges. Modern law defines a standard of realistic formal universalism now at risk as it is perceived as an obstacle to neo-liberal globalization. Defence of possible lawmaking is again a fundamental criterion in law policies.

Alla luce della sentenza CGUE Commissione vs Italia del 2008, il nostro Stato ha avviato un ripensamento generale dei sistemi pensionistici, che ha stimolato un’analisi del significato assunto dal principio di eguaglianza. Il volume vuole suggerire degli indirizzi di welfare, volti all’attuazione del principio di eguaglianza sostanziale e tali da contrapporsi alle numerose derive particolaristiche, spesso nascoste dietro normative poste a difesa del principio di eguaglianza formale.

Leibniz discusses the theme of future contingents on the basis of a theory of possible worlds centered on the notion of complete concept and on the idea that a proposition (of the subject-predicate form) is true when the concept corresponding to the predicate is "contained" among the conceptual notes that make up the concept of the subject. This idea of truth as "containment", wedded to the assumption of the so-called principle of sufficient reason (everything that happens has a reason for its happening), raises the problem of how to justify contingency in a world of individual substances which are fully described by a series of compossible complete concepts. Leibniz’s metaphysics of possible worlds, however, has the effect of simplifying the problem of future contingents as it was discussed at the time, making unnecessary the recourse to socalled middle knowledge (scientia media).