RISULTATI RICERCA

L’articolo discute le importanti difficoltà e le sfide che i pediatri di famiglia si trovano ad affrontare in questo periodo di pandemia. I bambini e i giovani rappresentano le fasce più deboli della popolazione, spesso dimenticate dalle politiche pubbliche, che stanno pagando un prezzo molto alto in termini di salute non solo fisica ma anche psicologica. Il punto di vista dei pediatri costituisce un osservatorio privilegiato per l’indicazione alle politiche pubbliche circa gli interventi prioritari a tutela delle generazioni più giovani.

Per affrontare la pandemia sono stati inventati nuovi saperi e nuovi dispositivi di cura, sono stati sperimentati il valore e i limiti delle politiche in atto e hanno preso forma nuovi saperi esperienziali. Una parte di questi saperi resta ancora oggi, ma una parte di quello che è stato elaborato rischia di non essere conservato. Questa ricerca vuole raccogliere i pensieri di coloro che hanno sostenuto questa grande fatica e cercare parole che consentano di conservare ciò di cui è stata fatta esperienza.

Una pandemia non è solo un fenomeno medico, ma colpisce gli individui e la società e causa disagi a livello fisico, psicologico, sociale ed economico. Questo perché è un tipo di evento in grado di dimostrare, spesso in modo molto violento, la vulnerabilità e la fragilità dei nostri sistemi sociali e della nostra struttura psicologica, e quanto spesso possano essere inadeguate le nostre capacità di risposta tecnico-scientifica, sociocomunitaria e personale. In questo articolo abbiamo elaborato una rassegna della letteratura al fine di capire le possibili conseguenze psicologiche della pandemia in atto, cercando materiale da tre possibili fonti di informazione: situazioni con caratteristiche simili a quelle della pandemia in atto (es. con distanziamento sociale), eventi epidemici precedenti (es. SARS e MERS) e ricerche svolte direttamente in questo anno sulla pandemia da Sars-CoV-2. Dalle informazioni raccolte è emerso che le conseguenze psicologiche possono essere anche molto gravi (es. Depressione o Disturbo Post-Traumatico), verificarsi in tempi brevi e durare anche molto tempo dopo gli eventi che li hanno prodotti. Inoltre, è emerso come, nonostante le informazioni e la consapevolezza acquisite in situazioni passate o simili, non è stato fatto a sufficienza per prevenire e affrontare tali conseguenze psicologiche avverse.

Diagnostic evaluations of neurodevelopmental disorders dramatically reduced and slowed down following the disruptions caused by Sars-CoV-2 pandemic. For this, it was necessary to identify solutions allowing diagnostic assessment, screening, and early patient care by implementing remote diagnostic protocols respecting the restrictions imposed by the lockdown. Centres and services specialized in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) had to quickly implement innovative diagnostic protocols able to satisfy patients’ needs, minimizing the chances of spreading the virus at the same time. This work collects the studies conducted so far on remote assessment of ASD both prior to and relating to the period of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. It also explores standard diagnostic tools that have been adapted for remote administration, in order to evaluate strengths and limitations of these methodologies. Remote assessment methodologies were initially employed to overcome the difficulties of long-distance diagnoses and to respond to families’ need for continuity of public and private services. These studies underlined the validity of some remote diagnostic protocols and how telediagnosis may enable the diagnostic evaluation, making it more accessible and thus favouring timely intervention. We discussed the opportunity to integrate in person and remote approaches for diagnosing neurodevelopmental conditions, even in the post covid emergency period.

The first confirmed cases of Covid-19 were discovered around the end of 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and the world as we knew it changed from then on. Whereas most of the research has focused on the meso-urban scale, there is only a limited number of studies focusing on the distribution of cases at a spatially granular scale within cities, throughout time. This work aims at filling this gap, by drawing different cities across the globe into a comparative project, where the spread of the pandemic is analysed throughout three distinct ‘waves’ of the pandemic. This study sheds light on the current debate about the variability of results across time and space, and how insights need to be reframed by accounting for the spatiotemporal dynamicity of Covid-19.

The realm of healthcare decision-making remains inadequately explored, specifically in assessing the psychometric characteristics of tools like the Provider Decision Process Assessment Instrument (PDPAI). This study aims to fill this void by examining decisional conflict among resident trainees and experienced consultant physicians. We approached a total of 347 physicians using a convenient sampling method from tertiary care hospitals. The analysis encompassed (i) factorial validity of PDPAI through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and evaluating the single group CFA models and (ii) multigroup CFA models, (iii) examining factorial invariance among residents’ trainees and experienced physicians' groups, (iv) Rasch analysis assessing the individual item impact on the subdomains, (v) internal consistency (vi) convergent and discriminant validity. The bi-factor model adequately fit the data as all factor loadings (0.44-0.70) were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The bifactor model supported the global construct or the sub-domains as suitable measurement models. The PDPAI showed invariance for use across two physician groups. Physicians encountered greatest difficulty in item “I was clear what treatment would be best for this patient.” [MNSQ Infit/Outfit: 1.327/1.278] and found the easiest item “It was easy to identify all of the considerations that affect the decision” [0.902/0.869]. Adequate internal consistency was revealed through Cronbach and Omega coefficient values. Convergent and discriminant validity of PDPAI was supported by correlating with team decisionmaking questionnaire and compassion fatigue respectively. The PDPAI's validated cross-group invariance highlights it's applicability to a diverse range of physician groups, guiding tailored interventions.

This article analyzes processes, networks and actors on markets for border control as they relate to the operational work and structures of the European Border and Coast Guard (Frontex). More specifically, based on data collection and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, it contributes new research on migration industries and infrastructures, by examining how Frontex has been reconfigured towards a functionality of generating and developing mar-kets for border security, including surveillance deportations and infrastruc-tures through tenders, contracts and company relations. The article also exam-ines how this development has facilitated the creation of EUROSUR, and EU collaboration with Libyan authorities as well as the implementation of depor-tations from Greece and Turkey. It concludes with more general observations on the political economy of border control resulting from Frontex’s crafting of border markets, and the implications it has for human rights and transparency.

Craft preservation today unfolds within a dynamic and evolving landscape, where artisanal practices are increasingly framed as contributors to innovation, sustainability and territorial development. In parallel, craft governance has become more complex, involving public institutions, professional organisations and private actors such as luxury brands. This paper reviews contemporary preservation policies, identifying four main intervention clusters: certifications and standards, heritage recognition, skills and knowledge transmission, and entrepreneurship and innovation. While these often overlap in practice, they clarify the layered rationales shaping contemporary craft governance. Building on this review, we explore how the preservation of craft is operationalised through hybrid policy designs that address shifting boundaries and broadened expectations surrounding artisanal practice. The paper shows how hybrid configurations are enacted through a case study of Regional Law No. 34/2018 of the Veneto Region without explicit integration. The figure of the Maestro emerges as a carrier of institutional logics and a performative boundary object, stabilising fragmented policy expectations. The findings contribute to debates in organisation studies on institutional pluralism, role work and governance in creative economies.

The article examines the financialization process in Western and Central and Eastern European countries using the example of agriculture, in particular, agricultural land. The phenomenon discussed is identified as ‘crawling financialization’ in Central and Eastern Europe. Countries whose economies underwent a socialpolitical transformation in the 1990s proved to be resistant to the heavy impact of the 2008 financial crisis. Agriculture is one area that should be examined for the phenomenon of financialization, because agricultural land is a desirable investment resource (after exhausting relatively safe opportunities in the financial market), and because investors from capital markets are increasingly moving into commodity markets to speculate on raw materials and agricultural products. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the extent of this phenomenon - whether it’s defined as aggressive investment or the crawling financialization of agricultural markets. This paper outlines the determinants of the development of financialization in the food sector, and examines the concept of both ‘galloping’ and ‘creeping’ financialization and their implications for the agricultural sector, with particular emphasis on agricultural land. Considering the fact that ‘financialization’ is a fuzzy concept that is open to interpretation, an attempt was made to concretize it by dividing countries into developed or developing. In addition, attention was paid to the decline in the share of agricultural land in the long-term, and the transfer of investors’ free cash from high-risk markets to the agricultural land market. This is prompted by the specific features of land, such as its inconsistency, non-reproducibility, and theoretically also indestructibility.

Bettino Craxi e Giulio Andreotti: due figure che hanno segnato il panorama politico-istituzionale italiano per un lungo tratto di storia del secondo Novecento. Questo volume raccoglie riflessioni sui due leader con l’approccio inedito di una declinazione in chiave comparata delle visioni politico-istituzionali e degli orientamenti di politica internazionale che hanno nutrito le visioni sul futuro del Paese nel contesto della modernità globale.

Crazy for football Matti per il calcio del regista Volfango De Biasi e dello sceneggiatore Francesco Trento è l’ultima tappa di un percorso cinematografico che comprende due documentari, un film per la TV e un libro sul progetto di riabilitazione/risocializzazione con il calcio per pazienti psichiatrici. In questo articolo si parla di tutti i lavori grazie anche all’esperienza dello psichiatra Mauro Raffaeli, protagonista del primo documentario Matti per il calcio (2004) insieme alla squadra di calcio del Gabbiano. L’evoluzione del progetto iniziale è sottolineata anche dalla presenza degli attori in Crazy for football Matti per il calcio (2021).