RISULTATI RICERCA

The article discusses the relationship between urban innovation and new forms of governance. Albeit the concept of governance seems to be a panacea for the cure of any sort of market or state failure, very often it is ill defined and/or ideologically loaded. However there is a growing consensus that the mobilisation of social and economic actors in governmental roles is an important, if not essential, factor, in bringing about innovative policies at least at the local scale. In our study we derive from the existing literature on social capital and institutional development the hypotheses that the more diverse are the actors involved and the more tight their linkages the better will be the innovative performance. In order to test these hypotheses we have investigated two northern Italian cities Milan and Turin that underwent in the decade 1993-2002 similar changes in the political and institutional sphere. The research carried out points out that certainly Turin had a better performance, in terms of urban innovation, than Milan and that such a result is associated with a more complex network in which different levels of government, and different types of actors, are represented. Also the tightness of the network is higher, thus providing evidence in support to the idea that policy innovation is associated with changes in the structure of governance. However, looking more in detail to the evidence collected, it appears quite clearly that Milan is much more receptive to the proposals coming from the civil society (both from the profit and the no-profit sector) while Turin, like other innovative Italian cities seems much more dependent upon the leadership of the public institutions. This poses an interesting theoretical problem: how much institutional leadership is needed in order to get good governance, more or less? Or is it possible that in order to make a better assessment of the relationship between innovation at least urban innovation and the structure of governance, one should make a distinction between short term in which more government means more innovation and the long term in which the contrary is true?

The relevance of the subject stated in this study is due to the substantial importance of the issues of introducing electronic processes into the public procurement system, which will ensure optimal implementation of all their stages. The purpose of this study is to examine the processes of building a system of public electronic procurement as one of the key varieties of modern information technologies. In the course of the study, a combination of theoretical methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalisation of information was used. The results were obtained, indicating the existence of mandatory procedural requirements for the implementation of public electronic procurement, compliance with which guarantees the effectiveness of the operations conducted. In addition, it was established that the practical application of the public electronic procurement system has a number of advantages, among which the following should be noted: full transparency and high availability of such operations, greater cost-effectiveness compared with procedures involving the use of paper media, and the possibility of more efficient administration of operations performed. It was also noted that it is necessary to comply with the intermediate stages of the electronic public procurement process, which are mandatory in terms of achieving the ultimate efficiency of the operations performed. The real prerequisites for the development of the electronic public procurement system in the Republic of Kosovo are highlighted, considering the established political realities and the developed regulatory framework.

The agriculture sector is a sphere, which importance grows year by year, with grow-ing populations and the need to ensure food security and sustainable rural development in the world and in each country in particular. In addition, environmental conservation and climate change are also the responsibility of agricultural authori-ties. Decisions need to be taken both domestically and globally, for this to happen, each country’s government and global Unions and Commissions must function. Also important are the general aspects of the modern world that include globaliza-tion, the introduction of innovations, financing, vector to provide industries with highly qualified personnel, the possibility of dialogue between the state and socie-ty. The aim of the work is to study government in the field of agriculture sector of various countries. This article is based on the analysis of government in the field of agriculture in different countries, the study of the problems and ways of solving emerging issues by these departments. The article focused on aspects of the transi-tion to the digital economy (in particular, digital government) and the problem of retaining personnel in rural areas. The review of many governments has revealed that, despite different power structures, climatic and social conditions, the agricul-tural sector functions and is managed uniformly. Decisions are made at several levels, namely regional, domestic and global. The main governing bodies are the Departments of Agriculture of the countries, which interact with various sectoral organizations and civil society. They all report to the Government, and most coun-tries are members of international Unions and Commissions to discuss global is-sues and perspectives. All available means, including digital innovation and the assistance of skilled personnel, should be used for the success and development of all governments, in fact, precisely these aspects are the most relevant areas of pub-lic administration development.

The article analyses the most recent challenges for governing the firms in the present post-pandemic scenario. In that context, it is central to understand how management control operates, providing insights concerning the intersection between accounting, organisational and social aspects. A realistic view of the different issues is imperative for governing the firm. All the private, public and non-profit organizations need to gather together innovation, performance and risks with a specific balance to face the next two years of challenges to recover from the pandemic, hopefully, completely. In the present special issue all the research papers offer insights about at list one out of the different challenges, contributing to the advancement of knowledge related to drivers and barriers for governing the firm.

Governing the Environment: The Institutional Economics Approach - Analyzing environmental governance implies foremost to analyze institutional structures and their implications. In doing so, the present paper utilizes insights primarily from the tradition of classical institutional economics. The paper is divided in three. In the first part I describe the main features of the classical position and compare it briefly with that of neoclassical economics and the tradition of new institutional economics. In the second part I clarify what is considered the main aspects of governance as seen from an institutional perspective. In part three I move to the more specific area of environmental governance. The concept of resource regimes is defined. Moreover I analyze how different regimes influence which environmental problems appear and how they can be treated. I discuss how institutions influence the formation and articulation of knowledge and values, how they form and protect interests, how they influence the level of transaction costs and hence the possibilities for coordination, and finally how they form the motivations underlying human choices in concrete contexts. Given that all these variables are shown to be endogenous to the institutional system, the use of comparative analysis in the assessment of various governance options is emphasized.

Keywords: classical institutional economics, interdependence, resource regimes, value articulation, interest protection, transaction costs, plural rationalities.

JEL classifications: B52; Q50; D02; D70.

Migration is governed through instruments that increase or decrease the asymmetries that characterize the migratory phenomenon. One such asymmetry is the information asymmetry between migrants, employers and countries of destination. To provide migrants with accurate information on what they will face after migrating is to diminish the risks they will face. It is also an insurance to employers and countries of destination that migrants possess the minimum requirements for their insertion. Thus, information can be a useful tool to improve the governance of migration. This article examines the experience of pre-departure orientation programs provided by the countries of the Colombo Process as a case study. After comparing the various programs, the article suggests how to adopt a common program, also with the cooperation of destination countries. It also highlights the difficulties inherent in this process, which do not allow yet adopting a certified instrument for the reduction of information asymmetry.

The paper is to highlight the peculiarities of Service Science, Management and Engineering (SSME) and its proposals with reference to network and systems theories, such as the Many-to-Many, and the Viable Systems Approach (VSA), (VSA) represents an interpretative lens for complex phenomena, and seems to be suitable for analysing service systems because its capacity to move from holism to reductionism, respecting the single characteristics of each entity of the context. SSME and Many-to-Many are gradually being integrated, and the network theories, and specifically (VSA), could considerably support this process by contributing with its own scientific proposals. Authors believe that the (VSA)’s view on business purposes, value creation and the management of relations are strongly coherent with the view proposed or tacitly implied by SSME and Many-to-Many approach.

The present article shall analyse how organizations can activate stakeholder participation processes. Specifically, this article examines select participatory projects that were identified, developed and implemented within a network of Italian social cooperatives focusing on work integration. An area, therefore, in which worker participation is geared at pursuing explicit social objectives whilst enhancing innovative capacity, thus improving overall competitiveness and economic sustainability. Within this context, the paper focuses in particular on the organizational processes and schemes that promote stakeholder empowerment and active involvement, beyond the existence of formal governance structures and management bodies. The paper is structured in two parts. The first draws from the literature to analyse the importance of participation within companies, focusing on social enterprises, and discusses the structural and procedural features of inclusive governance. The second part examines the experience of the CAUTO network of social cooperatives in Italy and its participatory practices, paying particular attention to the key features of the organizational context in which they arose, the project structure that characterized them, and their replicability in other contexts.

Questo volume raccoglie dieci saggi di Carlo Capra che pongono al centro della riflessione le forme concrete di organizzazione del potere tra la fine del Medio Evo e le rivoluzioni di fine Settecento, specialmente nei cruciali settori delle finanze, della giustizia e dell’amministrazione. Dopo aver delineato il quadro europeo, il testo si focalizza sui mutamenti istituzionali attuati dal governo austriaco nei suoi domini italiani in varie fasi del XVIII secolo, presentando diverse personalità che, a metà tra mondo asburgico e italiano, incarnarono tale volontà di riforma.

Secondo la teoria musicale antica, l’armonia è dotata di una virtù naturale in grado di alterare l’anima dell’ascoltatore, al punto di privarlo della libertà di giudizio. Le numerose implicazioni teologiche di questo classico assioma caratterizzano il dibattito teologico della prima età moderna. Com’è noto, il tradizionale impiego di oggetti materiali nelle pratiche spirituali, e le esperienze sensoriali ad essi associati, diventano il bersaglio della critica Riformata. Ma cattolici e protestanti sono accomunati dallo sforzo di separare il sacro dal profano, di riordinare le relazioni fra i sessi e di regolamentare la condotta individuale in accordo con i nuovi orientamenti morali. In questa situazione di profonda conflittualità, la musica non poteva non trovarsi direttamente implicata. Gli episodi di crisi sociale e tensione politica che caratterizzano Milano e Ginevra nel cinquecento consentono di riflettere sulle modalità attraverso le quali la musica viene vissuta, repressa o promossa.

La pandemia ci ha indotti a una seria riflessione su quali modelli di sviluppo sostenibile intraprendere per la ripresa economica. In un contesto caratterizzato da scarsità di risorse e incertezza, l’unica strada percorribile è quella della innovazione sociale fondata sulla misurazione degli impatti. Questo libro propone una nuova accezione di innovazione nella sua capacità trasformativa di ibridare valori, tematiche e settori eterogenei, coinvolgendo non solo il terzo settore o la pubblica amministrazione, ma tutti gli attori del sistema economico, pubblico e privato.