LIBRI DI GIOVANNI FORESTI

Che cosa fare nel caso delle malattie neurologiche di carattere ereditario per le quali la diagnostica è avanzatissima ma mancano le terapie adeguate? Che cosa fare quando la diagnosi da comunicare è che c’è il rischio di ammalarsi di una di queste malattie, e quando invece la diagnosi è una conferma della malattia? Il volume mostra come la comunicazione della diagnosi possa diventare il primo atto di una presa in carico contenitiva e terapeutica da parte dei medici.

Questo studio presenta prime indicazioni sull’efficacia dei contratti di rete. Dall’indagine ad hoc condotta presso 281 imprese emerge come la partecipazione a reti sia attesa rafforzare la competitività e le performance soprattutto delle imprese più piccole e con poche competenze immateriali ma inserite in reti guidate da soggetti capofila. È però ancora presto per dire se il contratto di rete possa contribuire a rafforzare la competitività del tessuto produttivo italiano e diventare un importante strumento di politica industriale. Esso, infatti, interessa ancora un nucleo ristretto di imprese. E, soprattutto, finora l’adesione alle reti è stata minore fra quelle imprese che ne avrebbero più bisogno, perché più in ritardo da un punto di vista tecnologico e commerciale.

To promote collaboration between enterprises and increase their innovation potential, Italy implemented a law on "network contracts" in 2009. The article assesses the results of the first 179 network contracts signed pursuant to that law from the time it was introduced up to early October 2011. The analysis of the manufacturing firms in question suggests a more intense use of technological innovation, quality management system certifications, and foreign direct investments. One-third of the 179 firms are located in industrial districts; these companies all show a high tendency to get involved in multiregional network contracts where service firms also play a role. Albeit not conclusive, the evidence provided by these preliminary results shows that the network contracts are often used to enrich the area with new innovation or distribution competences not always available locally, rather than being developed as an alternative to industrial districts.

The paper compares the export trends of Italian and German goods in 2000-2009 . The comparative analysis is based not only on the indicators generally referred to in the literature, but also on a new measure of positioning by price range and two new indicators of bilateral competition between economies in the international markets. The analysis highlights the competitive repositioning of Italian companies, which in the course of 2000-2009 gained market shares in high-price productions. Nevertheless, the move has not shielded Italian companies from the competition of China. Although Chinese competition has hit the German companies too, these have shown greater resilience, becoming the preferred production partners of the Asian giant in several areas. The greater ability of Germany to establish a stable commercial presence in large countries, such as China, stems from its high level of system cohesion, the presence of large groups, and the efforts made to raise quality, leading the country to consolidate its leadership in the production of high-priced goods.

The authors suggest that there is a correlation between the current prevailing experience of time and some disorders in psychic functioning both at the level of the individual and in society. The disruption to the chronological order of psychic development is seen as a consequence of the immense cultural upheavals that took place during the 1970s and ’80s. In turn, these changes are viewed as a consequence of more discreet modifications that impact on both family relationships and social structure.

Los autores sugieren que existe una correlación entre la experiencia presente predominante del tiempo y algunos trastornos del funcionamiento psíquico tanto a nivel individual como social. La alteración del orden cronológico del desarrollo psíquico se considera como consecuencia de los terribles trastornos culturales que tuvieron lugar durante los años 70 y 80. A su vez, estos cambios se consideran como consecuencia de modificaciones más discretas que impactan tanto a las relaciones familiares como a la estructura social.

Gli autori ipotizzano che esista una correlazione fra l’esperienza prevalente del tempo e alcuni disturbi del funzionamento psichico osservabili a livello individuale e sociale. La disorganizzazione dell’orizzonte cronologico dell’esistenza è intesa come una conseguenza delle grandi trasformazioni culturali avvenute nel corso degli anni ’70 e ’80. A loro volta, questi cambiamenti sono conseguenza di più discrete modificazioni avvenute nelle relazioni familiari e nella struttura sociale. A livello individuale ciò ha prodotto un’epidemia di disturbi narcisistici che si esprimono in manifestazioni psicopatologiche in passato inesistenti o infrequenti (disturbi alimentari, condotte antisociali, diffuse appetenze patologiche e tossicofilie vecchie e nuove). Mentre nel campo delle dinamiche istituzionali è in aumento la conflittualità esplicita e/o implicita (secondo il modello bioniano dell’attacco-e-fuga o della dipendenza passiva) che coesiste con il venir meno dei conflitti strutturali che strutturanti fra le classi e fra le generazioni. Questa tesi è argomentata attraverso due esempi clinici. Il primo tratto da un trattamento psicoanalitico individuale e il secondo da una supervisione all’équipe di una Comunità Terapeutica, tenuta in scacco da una paziente gravemente borderline.

Decreasing weight of manufacturing industry in Europe? Between terziarization and opening of the value chains - This paper aims at understanding the decreasing weight of the manufacturing industry in the main European countries. The results obtained in this paper by using inputoutput tables seem to suggest that what we are observing is far from being a process of deindustrialisation of the European economies. On the contrary, these changes can be seen as the results of the manufacturing firms’ attempt to increase their competitiveness on the international markets. In so doing they tend to focus more and more on non-prices strategies (innovation, marketing, distribution, etc.), leaving to the Emerging countries the most labour-intensive phases of the production process. These strategies lead to a rise in the high-skilled -service jobs within the manufacturing firms, which interact increasingly with service sectors.

The making of the "third ear". Psychoanalytic listening and internal setting in historical perspective - The contemporary, multi-lingual psychoanalytic culture is a complicated and pluralistic mix, which may prompt high levels of theoretical and technical confusion. The paper describes some of the experiences, made during the first decade of a psychoanalyst’s work, which have contributed to the construction of the Author’s way of listening and working. The so called "third ear" will be discussed, here, as a metaphor alluding to the psychoanalyst’s working models (combinations of theories and technique) and in particular to her/his internal setting. The approach chosen to describe this latter, will be historical in two different perspectives: conceptual and personal. The historical understanding of the psychoanalytic traditions is useful in balancing different theoretical perspectives and in avoiding the often complementary phenomena of getting lost on one hand, and of becoming closed and fanatic on the other. The second focus will be on the personal and never complete work that has to be done, in order to assimilate/elaborate other people’s ideas - the patients’ thoughts and phantasies, the teachers’ and supervisors’ perspectives and the colleagues’ and peers’ views and remarks.

Key words: psychoanalytic training, internal setting, group’s dynamics, third ear, gamma function, rêverie
Parole chiave: formazione analitica, setting interno, dinamiche gruppali, terzo orecchio, funzione gamma, rêverie.