LIBRI DI MARISELDA TESSAROLO

Questo numero di Futuribili tratta di metodi previsivi applicati alla soluzione di micro e macro-problemi. Il volume analizza l’attendibilità dei modelli di previsione, e segue la previsione dei piccoli e locali problemi che riguardano la cooperazione transfrontaliera, le vacanze, il pendolarismo che si trasforma in emigrazione… Infine amplia la prospettiva della previsione, per interpretare: la produzione culturale e il suo legame ai caratteri nazionali dell’Europa, la previsione dell’Europa del futuro e della ricostruzione dell’Unione Europea…

Cultural production: predictions on the maintenance of the division between the national public and the European public - In a world where globalisation seems to be prevailing over everything that is local, or at least national, it is becoming apparent that in entertainment and culture there are substantial non-globalised niches. The discussion is based on the acceptance of a theory advanced by Crane (1997), which contrasts the culture determined by social classes to that deriving from the sectors into which culture is divided (central, peripheral and urban). It may be postulated that strong features of "local" national character remain in the "global" culture, and that they are able to maintain a consistent vitality. This is followed by a prediction regarding the "European" characteristics of the national cultures present in Europe.

Le relazioni presentate alla Conferenza Nazionale della Famiglia percorrono una ampia serie di problematiche inerenti al nucleo primario della società. Le prime due relazioni, Famiglia e diritti e Famiglia, migrazioni e società interculturali, sono state ritenute particolarmente interessanti, la prima per i problemi di accetta-zione o rifiuto di legami di coppia diversi da quello matrimoniale; la seconda per il dibattito relativo all’incontro, su un territorio di immigrazione, di tipologie di ma-trimonio in uso nei paesi di origine. Parole chiave: famiglia e diritto, immigrazione e famiglia, tolleranza e famiglia.

New topics do not have easy access into the news system. The news should not in fact propose something completely new, but something in line with the dominant and shared values of any given society. And this is why four decades had to go by before it could be freely said on Italian newspapers that some couples who do not have children are actually childfree: they just did not want any. A second aspect concerns respect for these couples’ wi-shes, but also for the need society has to have children and, indeed, for those couples who desperately want to have children. It is interesting to no-te that, especially in weekly publications, this topic has been dealt with through the real cases of people who have revealed their life experiences and that the information given is generally part of the scientific divulgation section, which informs but is not quite accurate enough.

The current culture puts the individual in a collective monologue produced by media. This monologue prepares and sets up the subjects transforming them in an audience. As a member of an audience, he/she is not participant in an experience or the actor of an event, but a user, a consumer of an artefact (object or image), whose creation he/she has not participated in. By its participation in the work the audience sets up an interaction that joins together reception and production, in a way that makes impossible to distinguish audience and artist. The emersion of a mass production with traditional and new media is causing a dissemination of aesthetical conventions, and the media aesthetics affects the way how the world is observed and the subject interacts: the socialization is the last stage of the acceptance of the new cultural forms produced by technology (Qvortrup 1998). Many types of culture operators are necessary in such a complex situation. They are requested to have a specialization, great flexibility and knowledge of the market, beside technical competence. The inability to know, except through symbols, comes from the uncertainty related to the deep nature of reality that involves every area of the knowledge, included the cultural one (Morin 1985). If subjectivity is the principle of the modern age, where modern people get their consciousness of freedom, the multiplicity of the points of view can also be asserted regarding to the multiplicity of cultures, reference systems and other; but this multiplicity is at the same time part of the same culture and the same reference system.