Basic Human Values: theory, methods, and application (by Shalom H. Schwartz) - ABSTRACT: This paper presents the Values Theory in its conceptual and applicative aspects. The Values Theory identifies ten basic motivationally distinct values recognized by people in virtually all cultures, and it specifies the dynamics of conflicts and congruence among these values, and values priority. Especially striking is the emergence of the same circular structure of relations among values across countries and measurement instruments, and the same also applies to conflicts between specific values. The Values Theory provides a framework for relating the system of ten values to behaviour, personality and attitudinal variables. Suggestion for future research are also proposed, such as the need of addressing the possible interactions among background variables.