A systemic and dialectical paradigm for Psychoneuroendocrineimmunology and integrated care science

Journal title PNEI REVIEW
Author/s Francesco Bottaccioli, Anna Giulia Bottaccioli
Online First 1/14/2026 Issue 2026/Online First
Language English Pages 35 P. 1-35 File size 0 KB
DOI 10.3280/pnei2025oa21668
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The integrated care needs of a philosophical paradigm. Psychoneuroendocrineimmunology can be it, provided that a consensus is created on its profound meaning. What is Psychoneuroendocrineimmunology (PNEI)? It is not Neuroendocrinoimmunology. PNEI (also called PNI, Psychoneuroimmunology) describes the relationships of mutual influence between the psyche and biological systems and between the whole organism and the physical and social environment, showing the scientific inconsistency of the reductionist dogma that makes the psyche a mere epiphenomenon of brain activity. We are in a phase of research that allows the definitive overcoming of the dualistic conception of the human being without falling into the trap of the mind-brain identity, in the reduction of the psychic dimension to the biological one, from which it undoubtedly originates but on which it influences. To this end, it is essential to critique the philosophical foundations of contemporary reductionism, while, at the same time, highlighting the theoretical-conceptual paradigm that underlies PNEI research and the practice of treatments that integrate medicine and psychology, which descend from this paradigm.

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Francesco Bottaccioli, Anna Giulia Bottaccioli, A systemic and dialectical paradigm for Psychoneuroendocrineimmunology and integrated care science in "PNEI REVIEW" Online First/2026, pp 1-35, DOI: 10.3280/pnei2025oa21668