Inequalities in code. An exploration of algorithmic discrimination as violence against women
Journal title SOCIOLOGIA DELLA COMUNICAZIONE
Author/s Paola Panarese, Vittoria Azzarita, Marta Grasso
Publishing Year 2026 Issue 2025/70
Language Italian Pages 20 P. 117-136 File size 658 KB
DOI 10.3280/SC2025-070007
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The article examines algorithmic discrimination as a structural dimension of technology-facilitated violence against women (TFVAW). Through a scoping review conducted in Scopus and Web of Science following the PRISMA protocol, it investigates how literature defines and interprets gender and ethnic bias in algorithmic systems. The analysis of 124 studies shows that, although these biases are recognized as forms of systemic inequality, they are rarely conceptualized as technology-mediated gender violence. Hence, the article proposes interpreting them as computational symbolic violence – a form of violence that intertwines technical rationality and social inequalities, producing exclusion, silencing, and systemic marginalization – and thus as an integral component of TFVAW.
Keywords: technology-facilitated violence against women (TFVAW), algorithmic systems, algorithmic bias, gender inequality, critical algorithm studies (CAS)
Paola Panarese, Vittoria Azzarita, Marta Grasso, Disuguaglianze in codice. Un’esplorazione della discriminazione algoritmica come violenza contro le donne in "SOCIOLOGIA DELLA COMUNICAZIONE " 70/2025, pp 117-136, DOI: 10.3280/SC2025-070007