RISULTATI RICERCA

Wild insect pollinators belonging to the superfamily Apoidea are essential for the seed production of flowering plants worldwide. Nevertheless, their global populations have experienced significant declines, with serious negative implications for insect-pollinated plants. Nevertheless, there is limited knowledge available regard-ing this group of insects, especially in natural parks. Here we wanted to fill the gap by studying the prevalence of Apoidea species in Vesuvius National Park area. We have found a total of 176 species, representing a large part of biodiversity of Ital-ian wild bees.

The conservation status of the species collected and observed in the Vesuvius Na-tional Park (VNP) and included in the Red List of Italian butterflies has not been monitored for 17 years; therefore, there is currently no knowledge of how the bio-diversity and populations of Rhopalocera have changed over these years. A list of 72 species of Lepidoptera with diurnal behaviour is reported. Five species are men-tioned for the first time for the Park. Catocala puerpera (Giorna, 1791) is men-tioned in Campania for the first time. Of particular interest are the findings of: Eu-plagia quadripunctaria (Poda, 1761), this specie is included in European Com-munity Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC); Cacyreus marshalli Butler, 1898, alien specie of South Africa origin; Glaucopsyche iolas (Ochsenheimer, 1816), that is considered “almost threatened” following IUNC Red List.

This paper explores the potential of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) sys-tems to enhance sustainability in the European textile industry, which is both eco-nomically significant and environmentally impactful. EPR assigns lifecycle re-sponsibility to producers, encouraging sustainable design and waste management. The paper compares the centralized mono-consortium model, exemplified by Franceìs Refashion Consortium, with Italy’s emerging multi-consortium approach. While mono-consortiums offer centralized control, multi-consortiums promote competition and innovation. The success of EPR in driving circularity in the textile sector depends on context-specific policies that engage all stakeholders.

The relevance of the study of mineral exploration and evaluation costs is due to the growing need for sustainable and efficient methods of mineral extraction, as well as the strict regulatory requirements for reporting and financial transparency in natural resource extraction in the modern world. The purpose of this study is to optimize the accounting and reporting of mineral exploration and evaluation costs in the accounting and reporting of natural resource companies in order to improve their financial efficiency and transparency. The research investigates the costs of geological and engineering studies, reserve evaluations, and design work for pro-cess flow diagrams and infrastructure facilities. The findings highlight the im-portance of effective exploration in reducing risks and accurate reserve estimation in ensuring financial stability and long-term sustainability. A successful mineral exploration and evaluation project leads to asset creation and improved company performance in the context of long-term sustainability and growth. The practical significance of this study is to create a methodology and recommendations that will enable mining companies to optimize their financial processes, comply with regulatory requirements and improve sustainability and efficiency in the industry, thus contributing to better management of natural resources and reducing negative environmental impacts.

The text emphasizes that achieving climate neutrality and sustainability requires the simultaneous pursuit of green and digital transitions. These transformations are essential for economic and social systems but come with significant challenges and trade-offs. Acknowledging the interconnected nature of environmental, social, and economic sustainability is crucial to achieving these goals. Efforts toward sus-tainability and digitization must prioritize inclusivity and equality. Transforming businesses through digital and green initiatives is key to post-pandemic recovery, revitalizing production, and supporting the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRP), offering a unique opportunity for sustainable development. The “double transition” (green and digital) is seen as a cornerstone for post-pandemic recovery, influencing international competitiveness and economic growth. Amid the current global energy crisis and rising costs of raw materials and energy, companies must adapt to remain competitive. Technological investments and sustainable produc-tion are crucial for the future stability of the production system in Italy, Europe, and beyond. The integration of green and digital solutions is identified as essential for creating a competitive, fair, and sustainable future.

The purpose of the study is to develop a concept that allows integrating sustaina-ble development and digital transformation in small and medium-sized businesses using an evaluation algorithm for determining the potential and risks for the sub-ject. The study uses such approaches as the rating method, methods of economic and statistical analysis, forecasting based on retrospective data, system and struc-tural method, causal analysis, expert evaluation method, matrix of potential as-sessment, as well as analysis and synthesis. As a result of the conducted research, the need for the introduction of digital transformation in small and medium-sized businesses was proved. Analysis of the results of ratings on indicators of sustaina-ble development and digital transformation shows a fairly high position of the Re-public of Kazakhstan on a number of indicators, which shows the high potential of the country in the context of further implementation and development of the con-cepts under study. An important incentive for small and medium-sized businesses in the context of the integration of digital transformation and sustainable devel-opment is the expansion of long-term lending opportunities for such entities in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The concept of integration of sustainable development and digital transformation in small and medium-sized businesses was established using an algorithm for assessing the potential of such entities and risk factors. The results obtained can find practical application and be useful for the management of small and medium-sized businesses in the process of implementing digital trans-formation and aspects of sustainable development.

The article analyzes the practice of implementation of platform approach as a vector of development and one of the types of effective business model. The strengths and weaknesses of using digital platform solutions in the activities of companies are highlighted. Restrictive barriers to the successful implementation of platform solutions are outlined, characterized by: a certain discrepancy between hardware capabilities and software solutions; insufficient level of security of the existing information and communication infrastructure; the degree of receptivity of the company to the implementation and use of digital solutions depending on the life cycle of the organization. Thematic areas of the company’s activities are identified, the focus on which will improve the efficiency of digital technology im-plementation. By combining elements of the linguistic approach, based on identi-fying the number of repetitions of key thematic areas, and the matrix method, the study proposes a matrix of correlation of sustainable development goals by the-matic areas, which, by correlating each variable with the others in pairs by rows and columns, made it possible to clearly demonstrate the contextual relationships between the analyzed variables. It is concluded that the key thematic areas of im-plementation of the sustainable development goals identified by the linguistic method are correlated with the thematic sectors of digital platform solutions. A nomenclature of sustainability assessment indicators characterizing in quantitative and qualitative aspects the degree of compliance of the company’s activities with the implementation of sustainable development goals in the system of platform economy is proposed.

- Carlo Borghero, Mitologie cartesiane, Le Lettere, Firenze 2023, pp. XXVIII-­506, € 35,00.
- Salomon Maimon, Aufsätze 1789-­1790, Versuch ueber die Transzendentalphilosophie, hrsg. von Maria Caterina Marinelli und Ives Radrizzani: Deutsche Schriften, Bd. I,1, Frommann Holzboog, Stuttgart Bad Cannstatt 2023, pp. 513, € 298,00
- Massimiliano Biscuso, L’ultima Thule. Ricerche filosofiche su Ernesto De Martino, IISF Press, Napoli 2021, pp. 287, € 25,00

Premetto che mi lusinga avere una recensione sulla «Rivista di storia della filosofia», del cui Comitato scientifico, in passato, ho fatto parte per un certo numero di anni. Sono colpito negativamente invece dalla reazione che il mio libro ha avuto presso gli storici della filosofia del nostro paese. Ho scritto un libro di oltre 200 pagine (Come non insegnare la filosofia, Raffaello Cortina, Milano 2023), dedicato al problema dell’insegnamento della filosofia alle superiori, prendendo in esame manuali, anche di altri paesi europei, e decreti ministeriali ecc. ma quello che ha costituito la pietra dello scandalo sono state certe mie affermazioni riguardo ai rapporti tra filosofia e storia della filosofia e, in particolare il riferimento alla Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Ho già risposto (sul «Giornale critico», fasc. maggio-­agosto 2024) alla recensione di Luca Bianchi (30 pagine), pubblicata sul «Giornale critico della filosofia italiana» (fasc. gennaio-­aprile 2024), che si dilunga in un minuzioso esame delle mie posizioni e non intendo ripetermi in questa sede. Mi limiterò, perciò, a considerare soltanto tre punti.

Lo scambio epistolare tra Spinoza e Oldenburg è un documento importante per la ricezione del Trattato teologico-­politico e, in particolare, per la teoria spinoziana dei miracoli. In queste pagine mi occuperò di un inciso sorprendente contenuto in una lettera di Spinoza a Oldenburg. Si tratta dell’inciso nel quale Spinoza «concede» che anche gli infedeli che fossero stati presenti alla presunta resurrezione di Cristo dai morti avrebbero visto quello che anche i fedeli presenti hanno visto e interpretato come un miracolo. In una lettera precedente, invece, Spinoza aveva affermato che solo i «santi» avevano assistito alla resurrezione di Cristo. Nelle pagine che seguono fornirò una ipotesi sulle ragioni che possono aver indotto Spinoza a questa autocorrezione.

In the second question of his commentary to the De coelesti hierarchia (BAV, Cod. Pal. lat. 149), while discussing Pseudo-­Dionysius’ appraisal of symbols, John Wenck inserts a long and well-­informed consideration of poetry that has no precedent in the commentary tradition and points to a peculiar reception of Aristotle’s Poetics. The paper sets to investigate the sources of Wenck’s position on poetry, as well as the reasons by which he harmonizes it with the theological contents of the commentary. In this regard, Wenck’s notes on poetry (BAV, Cod. Pal. lat. 1590) and marginalia to Hermann Alemannus’s translation of Averroes’s Expositio poeticae (BAV, Cod. Pal. lat. 1892) are studied for the first time. Furthermore, Wenck’s peculiar character is displayed by reflecting on the manner in which his views on poetry lead him to endorse and incorporate the tenets of Renaissance humanists like Peter Luder.

John Wenck (†1460) supported Albertism while he was master of Arts in Paris. In 1426, he enrolled at the Faculty of Theology at the University of Heidelberg. It is not yet clear whether in Heidelberg Wenck continued to uphold the same Albertist ideas or whether he shifted toward Thomism, as suggested by Rudolf Haubst. The paper reconsiders this issue by analyzing the early works Wenck wrote as a theology student in Heidelberg, namely his Principia on Peter Lombard’s Sentences and quaestiones on the Holy Spirit and on the Incarnation (1431). Editions of these writings are either lacking or currently in preparation. The paper brings out their main sources, especially Bonaventure, and highlight the doctrinal aspects of the debates that Wenck developed with his colleagues in those years. Moreover, the paper finds here the premises of the Wegestreit between the via Antiqua and the Nominalists, which continued to mark the University of Heidelberg in the following years. The main topics discussed by the paper are divine omnipotence, the creation and eternity of the world, and the interpretation of Aristotelian philosophy.

The paper reconstructs methods, sources, and doctrinal contents of John Wenck’s commentary on the Liber de causis and focuses, in particular, on Wenck’s interpretation of the theory of intelligences. The research perspective of the analysis is twofold. First, it aims to clarify Wenck’s positioning in the commentary tradition of the Liber de causis, with reference to his two main models: Albert the Great and Thomas Aquinas. Albert’s influence as an exegetical guide proves crucial;; Wenck’s interpretation shows, however, a distinct autonomy from Albert’s paraphrasing of the Liber de causis and bears witness to a somewhat ambiguous and tacit use of Aquinas’ commentary. Second, the paper relates Wenck’s doctrine to the teachings of the Albertist masters active in Paris during the first decades of the fifteenth century: John of Nova Domo, Heymeric of Campo, and Lambert of Monte. The commentary on the Liber de causis attests to Wenck’s adherence to the basic tenets of the so-­called Albertist school. At the same time, Parisian Albertism emerges as a multifaceted constellation of positions characterised by a varied reception of both the Liber de causis and Albert’s authority.

John Wenck is best known for his polemical writing against Cusanus and is therefore mostly portrayed in critical literature as a conservative scholastic who adheres to Thomistic theses. His philosophical and theological works remain still unedited and his adherence to Parisian Albertism has been downplayed. This paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of John Wenck’s thought by investigating the Albertist elements present in his commentary on the third book of De Anima, probably used for lectures at the Faculty of Arts in Paris. This paper is divided into three parts: the first consists in an analysis of the structure and sources of Wenck’s commentary on De Anima, the second is a doctrinal exploration of the theory of the intellectual soul, highlighting Albertist aspects such as self-­knowledge and the possibility of knowledge without sensory images and the third is an investigation of the commentary’s reception at the University of Krakow in the late 15th century, showing the lasting influence of Wenck’s work.