La ricerca ha estratto dal catalogo 105324 titoli
This paper engages in the debate on how agro-biotechnological innovations can influence food security. IPRs are considerate an important incentive for research initiatives based on genetic resources and they encourage investments in agricultural innovations. However, concerns have risen about the current system of IPR in plant improvement over its impact on food security. IPRs may affect the accessibility and availability of a large number of agricultural products, undermining food security.
Our world today is "glocal", liquid, networked, virtual and polycentric. The shift from traditional mass media to a system of horizontal communication networks organized around the Internet and wireless communication has introduced a multiplicity of communication patterns at the source of a fundamental cultural transformation. The 21st century world is different from that for which the principal education systems were designed. It is not possible anymore to continue offering education in the traditional way. New educational trends are disrupting traditional attitudes towards current models. While the 19th and the 20th centuries were, in education, mainly about standardization, the 21st century is about visualization, customization, cheapification, gamification and some other relevant trends highlighted in the article. Today we are experiencing increasingly global interconnections, associated with some growing local and localized differentiations, as well as we are living a continuing transformation organized around information technologies - that is changing the way we produce, consume, behave, manage, communicate and think. In such a scenario, which are the key-competencies and capacities to be honed in order to foster employability? Which education and training approaches are the most effective? A cornerstone in between employability and self-empowerment is then introduced to the readers: e-REAL.
Few ideas have been so celebrated or been capable of generating such high and broad worldwide expectations like microfinance. The aim of this essay is to critically sketch the current mainstream microfinance movement and to shed light on its broken promises and emerging contradictions. The paper claims that modern microfinance could increase its internal as well as external sustainability as a development tool by rediscovering some of the key principles underpinning relational credit practices as historically testified by a number of bank cooperatives, popular banks and mutual-loan guarantee societies. In conclusion the paper suggests principles to re-imagine the future of microfinance innovating from the past.
Dall’arte alla letteratura, dalla filosofia all’ecologia evoluzionistica, molti contributi culturali ci invitano a sovvertire il paradigma secondo cui l’uomo è specie egemone e la Natura oggetto di sfruttamento indiscriminato. Al contempo la dilagante retorica green propone semplicistiche e banali operazioni greenwashing di inverdimento diffuso come panacea alle emergenze ambientali, climatiche e sanitarie. Una via d’uscita è nella riattualizzazione del concetto di paesaggio che, oggi, oltre la tradizionale definizione di categoria estetizzante riservata alla contemplazione di luoghi di particolare valore naturalistico o patrimoniale, è intesa come categoria interpretativa e operativa del complesso sistema di relazioni tra elementi eterogenei, naturali e antropici, dei territori della contemporaneità. La Natura, nelle sue plurime declinazioni, nella progettazione del paesaggio più avanguardista non è più elemento di sfondo o materia di sfruttamento, quanto piuttosto punto di partenza dell’agire umano.
Aiming to enhance efficiency, performance, and accountability in the management of the public sector, performance-based budgeting (PBB) has gained prominence worldwide. The present study addresses the challenges of implementing and managing PBB in the Russian public sector, with a particular focus on the Orel region’s long-term targeted healthcare programs. Drawing on case study analysis and empirical evidence, the study identifies specific challenges hindering effective PBB implementation, including effectiveness issues, revenue generation concerns, and passive actors with limited knowledge and skills. The study sheds light on the complexities and tensions arising from a top-down approach to PBB implementation and offers insights into prioritizing expenditures amid economic and geopolitical factors in emerging market economies like Russia.
This article explores some of the main cruxes in the medical field that Childhood studies scholars have highlighted concerning the relationships between generations. If we intend to implement children’s and adolescents’ right to participate in decisions about health and illness, these are central issues to understanding our society: the distribution of responsibility burdens between adults and children, the recognition and promotion of children’s autonomy, the con-tradictions between the representations used to identify ‘adequate parenting’, and the redefini-tion of power balance in therapeutic relationships.
Current academic incentive systems primarily reward accounting faculty for publishing research articles in elite journals. Faculty members decide what research questions to address and what research methods to use to investigate those re-search questions. Regulators, accounting service firms, and practicing accountants have little input about which research questions are investigated, how the research is conducted, and how and where the results are disseminated. This current ap-proach often results in financial accounting and auditing research that is not rele-vant to the practice of accounting. This commentary proposes a market-driven approach to the conduct of financial and auditing accounting research similar to that used in the medical sciences where pharmaceutical companies and govern-mental entities determine the most pressing medical issues. Besides university-sponsored research, faculty members in the medical sciences apply for grants to support research targeted at improving the treatment of these medical issues, and relevant research findings are quickly disseminated through highly-regarded peer-reviewed outlets such as The New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association, the British Medical Journal, and The Lancet so doctors and other medical professionals may quickly implement them into practice.
In the history of monetary theory and monetary policy, there can be little doubt that the 1980’s are seen as a watershed. Following a disastrous decade of inflation and recession in the 1970’s, the monetarist ideas of Milton Friedman are largely seen to have triumphed then over the older Keynesian demand management policies. The moment of monetarism’s ascendancy is probably seen most often as 1979 – the year that Margaret Thatcher was first elected as Prime Minister of Britain, having run for office on an explicit platform of monetarist ideas, as well as the year that Paul Volcker was named chair of the Federal Reserve’s Board of Governors in the United States. The purpose of this essay is to focus on what happened in the United States after Volcker’s appointment as chair of the Federal Reserve.
This article examines recent Italian historiography on welfare, with a particular focus on gender-oriented research. It relates recent Italian studies to the international debate, in order to identify acquisitions, open problems and perspectives. Its aim is to show how these studies could improve if a transnational and, broadly speaking, global approach was adopted, and it discusses a series of possible themes and issues to be addressed.
Processi di cambiamento nei sistemi alimentari possono originare dalle innovazioni prodotte dagli agricoltori. L’autrice analizza le strategie adottate dai produttori siciliani biologici attraverso la promozione di reti alimentari alternative forti. Il percorso innovativo adottato da questi agricoltori si connette allo sviluppo del consumo critico e in particolare al movimento dei GAS. All’interno di queste reti il cibo non è più una semplice commodity ma diventa un mezzo per produrre cambiamento sociale.
L’articolo analizza la relazione tra le reti agroalimentari alternative e le pratiche di economia solidale attraverso il caso studio della RedeMoinho, una rete di produzione e consumo della Bahia. Essa fornisce un’alternativa economica agli agricoltori familiari associati, di basso profilo economico. L’articolo mette in luce le criticità rispetto alla relazione tra consumatori e produttori e la sostenibilità economica e ambientale della rete. Il metodo usato è di tipo misto. I dati riportano i risultati del questionario rivolto ai consumatori e delle interviste in profondità rivolte ai produttori e ai gestori della rete.
