LIBRI DI ALDO CALDARELLI

Al fine di indagare criticità e potenzialità del Digital Learning nei percorsi di formazione per docenti specializzati sulle attività di sostegno, il presente contributo focalizza l’attenzione sulla qualità e sull’efficacia delle metodologie di insegnamento-apprendimento veicolate proprio tramite l’utilizzo delle Tecnologie dell’Informazione e della Comunicazione (TIC). In particolar modo, oggetto della presente indagine sono le percezioni di un campione di 237 futuri docenti di sostegno circa l’uso di un repository online di video tutorial, di cui hanno beneficiato durante il loro percorso formativo, in qualità di mediatore e dispositivo didattico. Tramite la valutazione dei risultati di apprendimento e dei feedback formativi, la riflessione si direziona, in conclusione, sulle modalità di implementazione dei percorsi di formazione volti alla costruzione di profili professionali in grado di utilizzare le tecnologie a supporto del Digital Inclusion nei contesti formativi.

Questo contributo si prefigge da un lato, di dare uno spaccato del dilagante utilizzo di Extended Reality con particolare attenzione verso quella immersiva (Virtual Reality), mostrandone il crescente mercato dei dispositivi utilizzabili; dall'altro propone un sistema che è già in essere sotto il nome di Progetto "ScanItaly", volto alla digitalizzazione di reperti museali collezionati in database pubblici, per il loro utilizzo a 360 gradi nella Extended Reality sotto la licenza totalmente gratuita delle Creative Commons, al fine di permettere la creazione di ambienti immersivi, di musei viertuali o semplicemente agevolarne il download delle singole scansioni per scopi didattici. Le prospettive di ricerca che un tale sistema suggerisce spaziano dal ripensamento della didattica museale per le scuole di ogni ordine e grado alla realizzazione di ambienti virtuali inclusivi.

In the present paper, after a description of the theoretical framework used to define self-determination, we will describe the importance of structuring a research context that fosters the self-advocacy of people with disabilities. In this direction, a protocol of participatory research with people with intellectual disabilities will be presented in the third paragraph. Specifically, we will expand the procedure to support the creation of accessible museum captions, thanks to the application of Easy-to-Read guidelines.

Writing is extremely important for our academic and professional life and can affect our performance in productive educational activities, favouring us or not. Schoolchildren with dyslexia bring difficulties and reduced school performance due to their condition of deprivation in written production. This is because schoolchildren with dyslexia have difficulty acquiring spelling knowledge and show poor phonological skills. This study aimed to characterize the performance of schoolchildren with dyslexia in “gaze” for the handwriting of High and Low-frequency words. A total of 24 schoolchildren participated in the study. They were between 8 to 11 years and 11 months of age, of both sexes, and they were attending the 3rd to the 5th year of Elementary School in the city of Marília-SP. The schoolchildren were divided into groups: GI, composed of 12 schoolchildren with an interdisciplinary diagnosis of developmental dyslexia, and GII, composed of 12 schoolchildren with good academic performance, paired with GI according to the school grade level. These schoolchildren were submitted to computerized handwriting evaluation using a Brazilian adaptation of the Software Ductus. All schoolchildren were submitted to a copy of words already selected according to Brazilian Portuguese criteria of frequency and codification rule. A measure of “gaze” was used, that is, when the schoolchildren stopped their handwriting to search/look up at the screen to confirm the information about the words. The results indicated a significant difference between GI and GII, with GI schoolchildren performing more gaze when compared with GII, i.e., taking longer motor breaks to perform the gaze. Therefore, there was a rupture in the central processing with the peripheral when the child performed the gauze more times since he had to confirm the characteristics of this word during the writing process (difficulty in accessing the orthographic lexicon) and with that, there was a break in the movement of handwriting (since there was not enough information in the central plane to complete that motor memory and finish the word). It was concluded that there were gaps between the central (orthographic) and peripheral (motor pauses) processes, suggesting deficits in the formation of motor programs for GI and the lack of automation of motor processes.

Puntando sul potenziale euristico e formativo delle narrazioni, il volume offre diversi percorsi di approfondimento all’interno del complesso scenario della pedagogia speciale: dallo studio delle famiglie con disabilità, alla valorizzazione dei processi di autodeterminazione e di emancipazione delle persone con disabilità, alla promozione dei progetti di vita e delle diverse e possibili traiettorie di senso. Un testo per studenti in formazione – verso la professione di educatore, di docente, di insegnante di sostegno, di pedagogista – o per lettori attenti al “potere” delle storie di vita.

In the face of the growing number of students with disabilities enrolled at the University, it is necessary to rethink the educational and teaching proposals from an inclusive perspective. This necessarily implies careful planning of even one of the most delicate phases of the teaching and learning process for all students: the final exam of a discipline. An event full of expectations and anxieties, very often attention to the construction of a welcoming environment becomes essential to provide the basis for a welcoming atmosphere and success, especially for students with Specific Learning Disorders (SpLDs) or disabilities. Therefore, this contribution, starting from a pilot study conducted by the University of Macerata, analyzes the role of Emotional Feedback in the assessment procedures in university contexts.  

This study is aimed to compare and relate the performance of students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and with good academic performance in the perceptual-visual-motor and reading processes, and to verify the eye movements’ pattern of students with ADHD during reading. Twenty students from primary school, both male and female, and aged between eight and twelve years old, participated in this study. They were divided into two groups: Group I (GI): composed of 20 students with an interdisciplinary diagnosis of ADHD, and Group II (GII): composed of 20 students with an equal good academic performance according to gender, age group and education with GI. All students were submitted to the Reading Processes Assessment protocol (PROLEC), Developmental Test of Visual Perception 3 (DTVP 3). PROLEC text reading test was administered to the students, also through the computer support. During this activity, the Gazepoint GP3 Eye Tracker equipment was used, which records the eye movements and analyses their properties by using the Gazepoint Analysis UX Edition Software for capturing eye movement during reading. These procedures were applied individually with students from both groups. The results were statistically analyzed, and revealed that the difficulties of students with ADHD in the reading processes could be justified by the perceptual-visual-motor deficit, and the shorter fixing time for capturing the information of each word read. This compromises the ability to identify and decode words, leading to difficulty in accessing meaning at the level of words and texts.

Il volume raccoglie storie di atleti con disabilità e porta alla luce i valori trasformativi dello sport nei loro progetti di vita. Puntando sul potenziale euristico e formativo delle narrazioni, i curatori offrono diversi percorsi di approfondimento all’interno dello scenario della Pedagogia speciale. Un testo consigliato sia a studenti in formazione verso la professione di educatore, pedagogista, docente, insegnante di sostegno, sia a professionisti già in servizio.