Come il ruolo di genere influenza la narrazione della malattia e la ricostruzione dell’identità del paziente

Titolo Rivista RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA
Autori/Curatori Isabella Serafini, Francesco Ferrarello
Anno di pubblicazione 2026 Fascicolo 2026/1
Lingua Italiano Numero pagine 23 P. 49-71 Dimensione file 802 KB
DOI 10.3280/RSF2026-001004
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La Medicina Narrativa (Narrative Based Medicine, NBM) nasce come metodo per aiutare i sanitari a mantenere entusiasmo, curiosità e passione per le storie delle persone con malattia, così da favorire personalizzazione e umanizzazione delle cure, potenziare l’alleanza terapeutica e l’outcome di salute. Il suo impiego, tra le altre cose, può servire a sublimare le pressioni, prendere contatto e lavorare sulle emozioni dovute alla convivenza con la malattia. Questo ultimo utilizzo può essere fatto proprio sia dalla persona che dal sanitario, ma, in quest’ultimo caso, è stato spesso accusato di anacronismo, rispetto alla rapidità richiesta dalle cure e dalla vita moderna. L’aspetto che sfugge a questa argomentazione è una virtuosa lettura della NBM nel verso opposto ovvero non come qualcosa che ruba tempo alla pratica clinica quotidiana, ma come qualcosa che “sta dentro” essa e può arricchirla, cambiando il modo di comunicare del sanitario, aiutandolo a capire come accogliere e utilizzare le diversità delle persone per “ fare” medicina di appropriatezza. Una delle prospettive per rendere più appropriata e specifica la medicina, e quindi uno dei tagli attraverso i quali arricchire la relazione d’aiuto tramite la NBM, è proprio quello legato alla medicina di genere. Lo studio di come, per esempio, uomini e donne comunicano diversamente può aiutare a modulare l’interazione nella triade persona, caregiver, sanitario e cogliere diverse sfaccettature del racconto. L’analisi di come uomini e donne ricostruiscono il proprio ruolo di genere attraverso le narrazioni può, invece, aiutare a comprendere come rivolgersi agli utenti, quali aspetti preventivi o del piano terapeutico potrebbero essere elusi o reinterpretati, le leve per la motivazione e molto altro. In questo articolo presentiamo una breve sintesi della letteratura su questo argomento.

Parole chiave:Genere, Femminilità, Mascolinità, Illness, Narrativa, Autobiografie.

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Isabella Serafini, Francesco Ferrarello, Come il ruolo di genere influenza la narrazione della malattia e la ricostruzione dell’identità del paziente in "RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA" 1/2026, pp 49-71, DOI: 10.3280/RSF2026-001004