Correlati neuropsicologici e di neuroimaging del maltrattamento e dell’abuso infantili

Titolo Rivista MALTRATTAMENTO E ABUSO ALL’INFANZIA
Autori/Curatori Marco Cavallo, Arianna Signorino
Anno di pubblicazione 2015 Fascicolo 2015/3 Lingua Italiano
Numero pagine 23 P. 11-33 Dimensione file 130 KB
DOI 10.3280/MAL2015-003002
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Il maltrattamento infantile influenza negativamente lo sviluppo sociale, emotivo e cognitivo del bambino. Oltre alle ben note sequele psicopatologiche, in anni recenti si sono iniziate a indagare le conseguenze del maltrattamento sullo sviluppo cerebrale e sulle funzioni neuropsicologiche, che possono condurre a performance scolastiche e professionali non soddisfacenti. Le evidenze scientifiche oggi disponibili, per quanto preliminari, suggeriscono che i sistemi di risposta allo stress giochino un ruolo di primo piano. L’esperienza del maltrattamento sembra attivare una risposta anormale allo stress, che interferisce con il fisiologico sviluppo di aree dell’encefalo più vulnerabili a stimoli stressogeni, quali il sistema limbico, la corteccia prefrontale e la sostanza bianca. Tali modificazioni cerebrali si ripercuotono negativamente su diversi domini cognitivi. Accanto all’imprescindibile dimensione relazionale, la recente evidenza scientifica suggerisce, pertanto, un’attenta considerazione anche delle dimensioni neuropsicologica e neurobiologica, al fine di condurre un’accurata indagine diagnostica e realizzare interventi terapeutici efficaci.;

Keywords:Bambino, maltrattamento infantile, cervello, neuroimaging, neuropsicologia

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Marco Cavallo, Arianna Signorino, Correlati neuropsicologici e di neuroimaging del maltrattamento e dell’abuso infantili in "MALTRATTAMENTO E ABUSO ALL’INFANZIA" 3/2015, pp 11-33, DOI: 10.3280/MAL2015-003002