Coping Strategies e razionamento. La discrezionalità degli operatori sociali come street-level bureaucrats e situated agents

Titolo Rivista SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO
Autori/Curatori Valeria Cappellato, Laura Cataldi
Anno di pubblicazione 2019 Fascicolo 2019/155 Lingua Italiano
Numero pagine 24 P. 96-119 Dimensione file 283 KB
DOI 10.3280/SL2019-155005
Il DOI è il codice a barre della proprietà intellettuale: per saperne di più clicca qui

Qui sotto puoi vedere in anteprima la prima pagina di questo articolo.

Se questo articolo ti interessa, lo puoi acquistare (e scaricare in formato pdf) seguendo le facili indicazioni per acquistare il download credit. Acquista Download Credits per scaricare questo Articolo in formato PDF

Anteprima articolo

FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

L’articolo esplora la discrezionalità degli operatori sociali (assistenti sociali, educatori, OSS e amministrativi) alla luce della street-level theory e del concetto di situated agency. Dall’analisi delle interviste somministrate in due servizi del Nord Italia emerge come la carenza di risorse rappresenti per gli operatori il più rilevante elemento dilemmatico, nonché il motore primo delle loro coping strategies: essa rende necessaria la selezione degli utenti e il razionamento; incide sulla discrezionalità, poiché riduce le opzioni di interventi erogabili e lo spazio di relazione con gli utenti; e, infine, rischia di trasformare il lavoro sociale in supporto relazionale. Anche in questa situazione, gli operatori sociali sembrano essere policy makers solo in un senso più ristretto rispetto a quello attribuito in letteratura, poiché non partecipano alla programmazione sociale e a quella del proprio servizio, rinunciando di fatto alla voice e all’advocacy politica.;

Keywords:Lavoro sociale, street-level theory, razionamento

  1. Brown M.K. (1981). Working the Street: Police Discretion and the Dilemmas of Reform. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  2. Anagnostopoulos D. (2003). The new accountability, student failure, and teachers’ work in urban high schools. Educational Policy, 17: 291-316 DOI: 10.1177/0895904803017003001
  3. Aucoin P. (1990). Administrative Reform in Public Management. Governance, 3/2: 115-137.
  4. Baviskar S. (2013). Who Creams? Explaining the Cream-Skimming Behavior of Public School Teachers in Denmark from a Street-Level Bureaucracy Perspective. Copenhagen: The Danish National Centre for Social Research.
  5. Baviskar S. (2018). Who Creams? Explaining the Classroom Cream-Skimming Behavior of School Teachers from a Street-Level Bureaucracy Perspective. International Public Management Journal, 22(3): 524-559. DOI: 10.1080/10967494.2018.1478918
  6. Bertotti T.F. (2018). Social Welfare in an Era of Crisis: The Impact of the Crisis on Social Workers. The Italian case. In: Panagiotopolus C., ed., The impact of the Crisis into Social Work Practice. A comparative analysis of Mediterranean Countries. Mauritius: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing.
  7. Bevir M. (2012). New Labour: A Critique. London: Routledge.
  8. Bevir M., Rhodes R.A.W. (2006). Governance Stories. New York: Routledge.
  9. Brehm J., Gates S. (1999). Working, Shirking, and Sabotage: Bureaucratic Response to a Democratic Public. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
  10. Brodkin E.Z. (1990). Implementation as Policy Politics. In: Palumbo D.J., Calista D.J., eds., Implementation an Policy Process. New York: Greenwood Press.
  11. Brodkin E.Z. (1997). Inside the Welfare Contract: Discretion and Accountability in State Welfare Administration. Social Service Review, 71/1: 1-30. DOI: 10.1086/604228
  12. Brodkin E.Z. (2007). Bureaucracy Redux: Management Reformism in the Welfare State. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 17/1: 1-17.
  13. Brodkin E.Z. (2011). Policy Work: Street-Level Organizations Under New Managerialism. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 21: 253-277.
  14. Campanini A., Facchini C. (2013). Social Workers Affecting Social Policy in Italy. In: Gal J., Weiss I., eds., Social Workers Affecting Social Policy: An International Perspective on Policy Practice. Bristol/Chicago: The Policy Press.
  15. Cappellato V. (2017). Categorizzazione e microrazionamento: dilemmi, tensioni, vincoli ed effetti imprevisti. In: Tousijn W. e Dellavalle M., a cura di, Logica professionale e logica manageriale. Una ricerca sulle professioni sociali. Bologna: il Mulino.
  16. Cataldi L. (2017). I «nuovi» servizi sociali: vecchio managerialismo e moderna burocratizzazione. In: Tousijn W. e Dellavalle M., a cura di, Logica professionale e logica manageriale. Una ricerca sulle professioni sociali. Bologna: il Mulino.
  17. Cataldi L., Tousijn W. (2015). Quale managerialismo nei servizi sociali? Considerazioni critiche. Polis, 2: 157-190. DOI: 10.1424/80581
  18. Citroni G., Lippi A., Profeti S. (2019). In the Shadow of Austerity: Italian Local Public services and the Politics of Budget Cuts. In: Lippi A., Tsekos T.N., eds., Local Public Services in Times of Austerity across Mediterranean Europe. Cham: Palgrave Mcmillan.
  19. Davis K.C. (1969). Discretionary justice: A preliminary inquiry. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
  20. Dominelli L. (2005). Il servizio sociale. Una professione che cambia. Trento: Erickson.
  21. Dubois V. (2010). The Bureaucrat and the Poor: Encounters in French Welfare Offices. Surrey: Ashgate Publishing.
  22. Edwards J.D. (1998). Managerial Influences in Public Administration. International. Journal of Organization Theory and Behavior, 1/4: 553-583. DOI: 10.1108/IJOTB-01-04-1998-B007
  23. Evans T. (2010). Professional Discretion in Welfare Services: Beyond Street-Level Bureaucracy. London: Ashgate.
  24. Evans T. (2011). Professionals, Managers and Discretion: Critiquing Street-Level Bureaucracy. British Journal of Social Work, 41: 368-386.
  25. Evans T. (2013). Organisational Rules and Discretion in Adult Social Work. British Journal of Social Work, 43: 739-758.
  26. Evans T., Harris J. (2004). Street-Level Bureaucracy, Social Work and the (Exaggerated) Death of Discretion. British Journal of Social Work, 34/6: 871-895.
  27. Fargion S. (2018). Social-work promoting participation: reflections on policy practice in Italy. European Journal of Social Work, 21(4): 559-571. DOI: 10.1080/13691457.2017.1320528
  28. Ferguson I., Lavalette M. (2013). Critical and radical social work: an introduction. Critical and Radical Social Work, 1(1): 3-14. DOI: 10.1332/204986013X665938
  29. Figueira-McDonough J. (1993). Policy-practice: The neglected side of social work intervention. Social Work, 38: 179-188.
  30. Folkman S., Lazarus R.S. (1980). An Analysis of Coping in a Middle-aged Community Sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21: 219-239. DOI: 10.2307/2136617
  31. Frederickson H.G. (1997). The Spirit of Public. Standford: Stanford University Press.
  32. Gal J., Weiss-Gal I., eds. (2013). Social Workers Affecting Social Policy: An International Perspective on Policy Practice. Bristol/Chicago: The Policy Press.
  33. Garrett P.M., Bertotti T.F. (2017). Social Work and the Politics of ‘Austerity’: Ireland and Italy. European Journal of Social Work, 20(1): 29-41.
  34. Guy M.E., Newman M.A., Mastracci S.H. (2008). Emotional Labor: Putting the Service in Human Service, Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.
  35. Handler J.F. (1990). Law and the Search for Community. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
  36. Hasenfeld Y. (2000). Organizational Forms as Moral Practices: The Case of Welfare Departments. Social Service Review, 74(3): 329-351. DOI: 10.1086/516408
  37. Kanter R.M., Stein B.A., eds. (1979). Life in Organizations: Workplaces as People Experience Them. New York: Basic Books.
  38. Kiser L., Percy S.L. (1980). The Concept of Coproduction and Its implication for Public Service Delivery. ASPA paper, San Francisco, 13-16 aprile.
  39. Kleyn R., Maybin J. (2012). Thinking about rationing. London: The King’s Fund.
  40. Lazarus R.S. (1966). Psychological Stress and the Coping Process. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  41. Lipsky M. (1980). Street‐Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the Individual in Public Services. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  42. Maynard-Moody S., Musheno M. (2000). State‐Agent or Citizen‐Agent: Two Narratives of Discretion. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 10(2): 329-359.
  43. Maynard‐Moody S., Portillo S. (2010). Street‐Level Bureaucracy Theory. In: Durant R.F., eds., The Oxford Handbook of American Bureaucracy. -- www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199238958.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199238958-e-11.
  44. Meyers M.K., Glaser B., Macdonald K. (1998). On the Front Lines of Welfare Delivery: Are Workers Implementing Policy Reforms?. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 17(1): 1-22.
  45. Meyers M.K., Nielsen V.L. (2012). Street-Level Bureaucrats and the Implementation of Public Policy. In: Peters B.G., Pierre J., eds., Handbook of Public Administration. London: Sage.
  46. Mintzberg H. (1979). The Structuring of Organizations. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
  47. Prottas J.M. (1978). The Power of the Street-Level Bureaucrat in Public Service Bureaucracies. Urban Affaires Quarterly, 13(3): 285-312.
  48. Prottas J.M. (1979), People‐Processing: The Street‐Level Bureaucrat in Public Service Bureaucracies. Lexington, MA: Lexington Press.
  49. Riccucci N.M. (2005). How Management Matters: Street‐Level Bureaucrats and Welfare Reform. Washington: Georgetown University Press.
  50. Rist R.C. (1973). The Urban School: A Factory for Failure. Boston: MIT Press.
  51. Riva V. (2014). Etnografia del servizio sociale. Professionalità e organizzazione nel lavoro dell’assistente sociale. Milano: Vita e Pensiero.
  52. Saruis T. (2013). La teoria della street-level bureaucracy: lo stato del dibattito. Autonomie Locali e Servizi Sociali, 3: 541-552. DOI: 10.1447/76209
  53. Saruis T. (2018). Street-Level Workers’ Discretion in the Changing Welfare. Cambio, 8(16): 31-42.
  54. Saunders P. (1986). Social Theory and the Urban Question. London: Hutchinson.
  55. Schön D. (1983). The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. London: Temple Smith.
  56. Scott W.G. (1992). Chester I. Barnard and the Guardians of the Managerial State. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press.
  57. Sharp E.B. (1980). Toward a New Understanding of Urban Services and Citizen Participation: The Coproduction Concept. Midwest Review of Public Administration, 14: 105-118. DOI: 10.1177/027507408001400203
  58. Simon H. (1947). Administrative Behavior. New York: Macmillan.
  59. Soss J. (2000). Unwanted Claims: The Politics of Participation in the U.S. Welfare System. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
  60. Tousijn W., Dellavalle M. (2017). Logica professionale e logica manageriale. Una ricerca sulle professioni sociali. Bologna: il Mulino.
  61. Trowler P. (1997). Beyond the Robbins Trap: Reconceptualising Academic Responses to Change in Higher Education (or… quiet flows the don?). Studies in Higher Education, 22: 301-318. DOI: 10.1080/03075079712331380916
  62. Tsui M., Cheung F.C.H. (2004). Gone with the Wind. British Journal of Social Work, 34(3): 437-442.
  63. Tummers L.G. (2011). Explaining the Willingness of Public Professionals to Implement New Policies: A Policy Alienation Framework. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 77(3): 555-581. DOI: 10.1177/0020852311407364
  64. Tummers L., Bekkers V. (2014). Policy Implementation, Street-Level Bureaucracy, and the Importance of Discretion. Public Management Review, 16(4): 527-547. DOI: 10.1080/14719037.2013.841978
  65. Tummers L.G., Bekkers V.J.J.M., Vink E., Musheno M. (2015). Coping during public service delivery: A conceptualization and systematic review of the literature. Journal of Public Administration, Research and Theory: 1099-1126.
  66. Van Berkel R., Valkenburg B. (2007). Making it personal. Bristol: The Policy Press.
  67. Vassy C. (2001). Categorization and Micro-Rationing: Access to Care in French Emergency Department. Sociology of Health & Hillness, 23(5): 615-632. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9566.00268
  68. Vinzant J. C., Denhardt J. V. and Crothers L. (1998). Street-level Leadership: Discretion and Legitimacy in Front-line Public Service. Washington: Georgetown University Press.
  69. Weatherly R., Lipsky M. (1977). Street-level bureaucrats and institutional innovation: Implementing special education reform. Harvard Educational Review, 47: 171-197.
  70. Weiss I., Gal J., Katan J. (2006). Social Policy for Social Work: A teaching Agenda. British Journal of Social Work, 36: 789-806.
  71. Wyers N.L. (1991). Policy-practice in Social Work: Models and Issues. Journal of Social Work Education, 27(3): 241-250. DOI: 10.10180/10437797.1991.10672196

  • Rappresentazioni e identità degli operatori sociali come street-level bureaucrats e situated agents Laura Cataldi, Valeria Cappellato, in SOCIOLOGIA E RICERCA SOCIALE 121/2020 pp.90
    DOI: 10.3280/SR2020-121005

Valeria Cappellato, Laura Cataldi, Coping Strategies e razionamento. La discrezionalità degli operatori sociali come street-level bureaucrats e situated agents in "SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO " 155/2019, pp 96-119, DOI: 10.3280/SL2019-155005