RISULTATI RICERCA

Il tema dell’inclusione e della giustizia sociale è, per definizione, al centro dell’Agenda 2030 delle Nazioni Unite per il raggiungimento degli Obiettivi di Sviluppo Sostenibile laddove tali principi sono trasversali a tutti i suddetti Obiettivi. In questo contesto, a partire dal 2015, la Rete delle Università per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile (RUS) opera per promuovere politiche condivise e contesti sociali sostenibili, per accrescere la consapevolezza critica delle disuguaglianze e delle modalità di superamento di sé stesse e per promuovere servizi incentrati sul diritto allo studio. Per questo motivo, la ricerca condotta ha avuto l’obiettivo di indagare le pratiche di inclusione e giustizia sociale tra gli studenti di Sapienza Università di Roma che hanno svolto un periodo di mobilità. Il focus permette di evidenziare le pratiche che gli studenti percepiscono come necessarie per l’Ateneo con l’obiettivo di attuare politiche inclusive volte a rimuovere ogni forma di barriera, accademica e non.

This scientific article focuses on the role of lifelong learning and skills certification in the Tuscany Region, as a tool for addressing the employment challenges of the 21st century. Applying the Theory of Change (Toc) and the theory-based evaluation as an analysis framework, the research aims to demonstrate the usefulness or otherwise of the regional service in terms of lifelong learning. The methodological approach of the ToC is preferred to other possible ones (e.g. counterfactual or realist approach) because it is more in line with highlighting the research of the chains and causal connec-tions that have laid the foundations for the expected change. Through a sur-vey to collect empirical data directly from the beneficiaries of the public measures, opinions and experiences of service participants are examined in depth, evaluating the contribution of the regional program to improving the working conditions of the beneficiaries. The results obtained aim to confirm or deny the validity of the ToC and to provide indications for the Tuscany Region to optimize its policies on the recognition and certification of skills.

The article presents the main evidence of impact of the Akelius scale-up project on primary school students. Akelius is an e-learning platform for teaching Italian L2 to newly arrived students in Italy (NAI) in primary and lower secondary school and a tool for dealing with the consequences of the Ukrainian crisis and the arrival of Ukrainian families. The evaluation adopted a simplified Contribution-Analysis approach, aimed at identifying Akelius e-learning platform contribution to the increase in the proficiency in Italian as second language (ITA L2) of the primary school NAI students who used it in blended learning settings. The most relevant expected assumption-mechanism couples underpinning platform’s use have been confirmed as in force during project’s implementation and most of the external factors/rival explanations that generated ITA L2 proficiency improvement did not signif-icantly reduce Akelius Platform contribution.

The aim of this note is to attempt to reconsider the more traditional literature on economic policy, concerning the field of the main mechanisms related to macroeconomic policies. This reading, over time, has undergone various critical observations, as well as evolutionary processes derived from political-cultural and institutional dynamics. Thus the debate is not oriented between the choice of liberalism or interventionism, but rather on the economic-political-social objectives of intervention strategies. The correlations between economic content and the principles of modern democracies are questioned, and the issue of economic and social ethics is raised again. Economic policy prescriptions will be reconsidered in the light of their socio-economic complexity, and the result of the reflection will be interpreted by a significant evolution of the dimension of economic policy, considering the dynamics of the solidarity economy.

The interview with Michel Camdessus, former Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund, explores a few episodes concerning the failed attempts to issue Special Drawing Rights to support development, transition to a market economy and the need to finance global public goods. It also touches upon a few theoretical knots concerning the potential inflationary pressure of such issues and the establishment of a multi-layered framework of economic and monetary governance.

Within the liberal tradition, the principle of equality of opportunity stands among the most deeply rooted. Emerging in the wake of the French Revolution, it marked the shift from the ascriptive logic that dominated ancient régime societies to the acquisitive logic of the market based on merit and individual abilities. As an egalitarian model, it confines its application exclusively to the realm of ex-ante conditions, thereby accepting inequality in ex-post outcomes and endorsing the market as a mechanism of social regulation. However, the universality of this principle is merely apparent. It represents one of the most contentious antinomies within liberal thought. The case discussed here is undoubtedly among the most significant. In numerous writings, particularly his 1901 essay, Maffeo Pantaleoni explicitly addressed the interplay between “equality of opportunity”, “initial conditions”, and the inherited wealth of economic agents, engaging in a discourse that intertwines ethical, political, and theoretical dimensions. This paper elucidates why Pantaleoni regarded any demand for greater equality of opportunity as inconsistent with the liberal and market-oriented framework.